The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Πάλιν | Again | παλιν | | | iterum | Iterum | Again | ܬܘܒ | Again | Πάλιν | Again | ||||||
| — | ἠκούσατε | you have heard | ηκουσατε | | | audistis | audistis | you have heard | ܫܡܥܬܘܢ | you have heard | ἠκούσατε | you have heard | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | quia | that | ܕܐܬܐܡܪ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἐρρέθη | it was said | — | | | dictum | dictum est | it was said | ܠܩܕܡܝܐ | it was said | ἐρρέθη | it was said | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | tua | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | ἀρχαίοις· | ancients; | αρχαιοις | | | est | antiquis | to the ancients | ܕܠܐ | ancients; | ἀρχαίοις | ancients; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | antiquis | Non | not | — | — | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἐπιορκήσεις, | will you swear falsely, | επειορκησις | | | non | perjurabis | you shall swear falsely | ܬܕܓܠ | will you swear falsely, | ἐπιορκήσεις | will you swear falsely, | ||||||
| — | ἀποδώσεις | you will keep | αποδωσεις | | | peiurabis | reddes | you shall render | ܒܡܘܡܬܟ | you will keep | ἀποδώσεις | you will keep | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | reddes | autem | but | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | τῷ | to the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | to the | ||||||
| — | κυρίῳ | Lord | κω | | | autem | Domino | to the Lord | ܕܝܢ | Lord | κυρίῳ | Lord | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | ὅρκους | oaths | ορκους | | | dno | juramenta | oaths | ܠܡܪܝܐ | oaths | ὅρκους | oaths | ||||||
| — | σου. | of you. | σου | | | iuramenta | tua | your | ܡܘܡܬܟ | of you. | σου | of you. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 10:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||