The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὁ | The one | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | The one | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܡܢ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | ὀμόσας | having sworn | ομοσας | | | iurauerit | jurat | having sworn | ܕܝܡܐ | having sworn | ὀμόσας | having sworn | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | in | in | by | ܗܟܝܠ | by | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | altare | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | θυσιαστηρίῳ | altar | θυσιαστηριω | | | iurat | jurat | altar | ܒܡܕܒܚܐ | altar | θυσιαστηρίῳ | altar | ||||||
| — | ὀμνύει | swears | ομνυει | | | in | in | swears | ܝܡܐ | swears | ὀμνύει | swears | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | eo | eo | by | — | — | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | it | αυτω | | | et | et | it | ܒܗ | it | αὐτῷ | it | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | in | in | and | ܘܒܟܠ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | omnibus | omnibus | by | ܡܐ | by | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | πᾶσιν | all things | πασει | | | quae | quæ | all things | ܕܐܝܬ | all things | πᾶσιν | all things | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | that are | τοις | | | super | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | that are | ||||||
| — | ἐπάνω | upon | επανω | | | eum | illud | upon | ܠܥܠ | upon | ἐπάνω | upon | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ, | it, | αυτου | | | — | sunt | it, | ܡܢܗ | it, | αὐτοῦ | it, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||