The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
παλινP75 | Again | Πάλιν | Again | παλιν | | | iterum | Iterum | Again | ܬܘܒ | Again | Πάλιν | Again | |||||
δεP75 | therefore | δὲ | therefore | δε | | | autem | autem | therefore | ܕܝܢ | but | οὖν | therefore | |||||
οP75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | pilatus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
πειλατοσP75 | Pilate | Πιλᾶτος | Pilate | πειλατος | | | — | locutus | Pilate | ܡܠܠ | Pilate | Πιλάτος | Pilate | |||||
προσεφωνησενP75 | called | προσεφώνησεν | called | προσεφωνησεν | | | — | est | called | ܥܡܗܘܢ | called | προσεφώνησεν | called | |||||
αυτοισP75 | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | — | | | aduocauit | ad | to them | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | to them | θέλων | to them | |||||
θελωνP75 | wishing | θέλων | wishing | θελων | | | eos | eos | wishing | ܟܕ | wishing | ἀπολῦσαι | wishing | |||||
απολυσαιP75 | to release | ἀπολῦσαι | to release | απολυσαι | | | uolens | volens | to release | ܨܒܐ | to release | τὸν | to release | |||||
τονP75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | dimittere | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦν | <the> | |||||
ινP75 | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦν. | Jesus. | ιην | | | ihm | Jesum | Jesus. | ܕܢܫܪܐ | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦν. | Jesus. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||