The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And you say | και | | | et | Et | And you say | ܘܡܢ | And you say | Καί | And you say | ||||||
| — | ὃς | Whoever | ος | | | qui | quicumque | Whoever | ܕܝܡܐ | Whoever | Ὃς | Whoever | ||||||
| — | ἂν | maybe | αν | | | iurauerit | juraverit | maybe | — | — | ἐὰν | maybe | ||||||
| — | ὀμόσῃ | shall swear | ομοση | | | in | in | shall swear | ܒܡܕܒܚܐ | shall swear | ὀμόσῃ | shall swear | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | altare | altari | by | ܠܐ | by | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | eum | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | θυσιαστηρίῳ, | altar, | θυσιαστηριω | | | nihil | nihil | altar, | ܗܘܐ | altar, | θυσιαστηρίῳ | altar, | ||||||
| — | οὐδέν | no thing | ουδεν | | | est | est | no thing | — | — | οὐδέν | no thing | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν· | it is; | εστιν | | | qui | quicumque | it is; | ܡܕܡ | it is; | ἐστιν | it is; | ||||||
| — | ὃς | whoever | ος | | | autem | autem | whoever | ܡܢ | whoever | ὃς | whoever | ||||||
| — | δ᾽ | however | δ | | | iurauerit | juraverit | however | ܕܝܢ | however | δ’ | however | ||||||
| — | ἂν | maybe | αν | | | in | in | maybe | — | — | ἂν | maybe | ||||||
| — | ὀμόσῃ | shall swear | ομοση | | | dono | dono | shall swear | ܕܝܡܐ | shall swear | ὀμόσῃ | shall swear | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | quod | quod | by | ܒܩܘܪܒܢܐ | by | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | δώρῳ | gift | δωρω | | | est | est | gift | ܕܠܥܠ | gift | δώρῳ | gift | ||||||
| — | τῷ | that is | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | that is | ||||||
| — | ἐπάνω | upon | επανω | | | super | super | upon | — | — | ἐπάνω | upon | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ, | it, | αυτου | | | — | illud | it, | ܡܢܗ | it, | αὐτοῦ | it, | ||||||
| — | ὀφείλει. | is bound. | οφειλει | | | debet | debet | is bound. | ܚܐܒ | is bound. | ὀφείλει | is bound. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||