The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP104 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ακουσαντεσP104 | having heard | ἀκούσαντες | having heard | ακουσαντες | | | quia | cum | having heard | ܫܡܥܘ | having heard | ἀκούσαντες | having heard | |||||
οιP104 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | ipsis | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ἀρχιερεῖςP104 | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | audientes | audissent | chief priests | — | — | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | |||||
καὶP104 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | principes | principes | and | ܪܒܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οἱP104 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | dicit | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ΦαρισαῖοιP104 | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | φαρισαιοι | | | sacerdotum | sacerdotum | Pharisees | ܟܗܢܐ | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | |||||
τὰςP104 | the | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | |||||
παραβολὰςP104 | parables | παραβολὰς | parables | παραβολας | | | et | et | parables | — | — | παραβολὰς | parables | |||||
αὐτοῦP104 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | pharisaei | pharisæi | of Him | ܘܦܪܝܫܐ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
ἔγνωσανP104 | they knew | ἔγνωσαν | they knew | εγνωσαν | | | parabolas | parabolas | they knew | ܡܬܠܘܗܝ | they knew | ἔγνωσαν | they knew | |||||
ὅτιP104 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | eius | ejus | that | ܝܕܥܘ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
περὶP104 | about | περὶ | about | περι | | | cognouerunt | cognoverunt | about | — | — | περὶ | about | |||||
αὐτῶνP104 | them | αὐτῶν | them | αυτων | | | — | quod | them | ܕܥܠܝܗܘܢ | them | αὐτῶν | them | |||||
λέγει.P104 | He speaks. | λέγει. | He speaks. | λεγει | | | de | de | He speaks. | ܐܡܪ | He speaks. | λέγει | He speaks. | |||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||