The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | κύριος | lord | — | | | dns | dominus | lord | ܡܪܗ | lord | Κύριος | lord | ||||||
| — | γάρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γάρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܕܫܒܬܐ | is | ἐστιν | is | ||||||
| — | καί | and | — | | | filius | Filius | and | — | — | τοῦ | and | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | σαββάτου | of the | ||||||
| — | σαββάτου | Sabbath | σαββατου | | | hominis | hominis | Sabbath | ܐܝܬܘܗܝ | Sabbath | ὁ | Sabbath | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | υἱὸς | the | ||||||
| — | υἱὸς | Son | ϋιος | | | — | etiam | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | τοῦ | Son | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἀνθρώπου | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπου.¶ | of Man. | ανθρωπου | | | sabbati | sabbati | of Man. | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man. | ἀνθρώπου.¶ | of Man. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 12:24 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||