The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγωP45 · P75 | I say | Λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | Dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | Λέγω | I say | |||||
υμινP45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
πασP45 · P75 | to you; | ὑμῖν· | to you; | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you; | ܠܟܘܢ | to you; | ὑμῖν | to you; | |||||
οσP45 · P75 | everyone | πᾶς | everyone | πας | | | omnes | Omnis | everyone | — | — | Πᾶς | everyone | |||||
ανP45 · P75 | who | ὃς | who | ος | | | quia | quicumque | who | ܕܝܢ | who | ὃς | who | |||||
ομολογησηP45 · P75 | maybe | ἂν | maybe | αν | | | qui | — | — | ܕܟܠ | maybe | ἂν | maybe | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | may confess | ὁμολογήσῃ | may confess | — | | | confessus | confessus | may confess | ܕܢܘܕܐ | may confess | ὁμολογήσῃ | may confess | |||||
εμοιP45 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | — | | | fuerit | fuerit | in | ܒܝ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
εμπροσθενP45 · P75 | Me myself | ἐμοὶ | Me myself | — | | | me | me | Me myself | ܩܕܡ | Me myself | ἐμοὶ | Me myself | |||||
τωνP45 · P75 | before | ἔμπροσθεν | before | — | | | in | coram | before | — | — | ἔμπροσθεν | before | |||||
ανθρωπωνP45 · P75 | the | τῶν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | men, | ἀνθρώπων, | men, | — | | | hominum | hominibus | men, | ܒܢܝܢܫܐ | men, | ἀνθρώπων | men, | |||||
οP45 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | — | | | et | et | also | ܐܦ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
υσP45 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | — | | | in | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | Son | υἱὸς | Son | — | | | filius | Filius | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸς | Son | |||||
ανθρωπουP45 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | confitebitur | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
ομολογησειP45 · P75 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | — | | | hominis | hominis | of Man | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | |||||
αυτονP45 · P75 | will confess | ὁμολογήσει | will confess | ομολογησει | | | in | — | — | ܢܘܕܐ | will confess | ὁμολογήσει | will confess | |||||
εμπροσθεP45 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | conspectu | confitebitur | in | ܒܗ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
τωνP45 · P75 | him | αὐτῷ | him | — | | | eo | illum | him | — | — | αὐτῷ | him | |||||
αγγελωνP45 · P75 | before | ἔμπροσθεν | before | — | | | — | coram | before | ܩܕܡ | before | ἔμπροσθεν | before | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | the | τῶν | the | των | | | in | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
θυP45 · P75 | angels | ἀγγέλων | angels | — | | | angelorum | angelis | angels | ܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ | angels | ἀγγέλων | angels | |||||
τοῦP45 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | conspectu | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θεοῦ·P45 · P75 | of God; | θεοῦ· | of God; | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God; | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God; | θεοῦ | of God; | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||