The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | eos | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | pharisaei | Pharisæi | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Φαρισαῖοι | the Pharisees | φαρισαιοι | | | autem | autem | the Pharisees | ܕܝܢ | the Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | the Pharisees | ||||||
| — | ἰδόντες | having seen | ϊδοντες | | | uidentes | videntes | having seen | ܟܕ | having seen | ἰδόντες | having seen | ||||||
| — | εἶπαν | they said | — | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | they said | ܚܙܘ | they said | εἶπον | they said | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to Him; | αυτω | | | — | ei | to Him; | ܐܢܘܢ | to Him; | αὐτῷ | to Him; | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | Behold | ϊδου | | | ecce | Ecce | Behold | ܗܐ | behold | Ἰδού | Behold | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταί | disciples | μαθηται | | | discipuli | discipuli | disciples | ܠܗ | disciples | μαθηταί | disciples | ||||||
| — | σου | of You | σου | | | illi | — | — | ܗܐ | of You | σου | of You | ||||||
| — | ποιοῦσιν | are doing | ποιουσιν | | | tui | tui | are doing | ܬܠܡܝܕܝܟ | are doing | ποιοῦσιν | are doing | ||||||
| — | ὃ | what | ο | | | faciunt | — | — | — | — | ὃ | what | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | quod | quod | not | ܡܕܡ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἔξεστιν | it is lawful | εξεστιν | | | non | non | it is lawful | ܕܠܐ | it is lawful | ἔξεστιν | it is lawful | ||||||
| — | ποιεῖν | to do | ποιειν | | | licet | licet | to do | ܫܠܝܛ | to do | ποιεῖν | to do | ||||||
| — | ἐν | on | εν | | | facere | facere | on | ܠܡܥܒܕ | on | ἐν | on | ||||||
| — | σαββάτῳ.¶ | Sabbath. | σαββατω | | | sabbato | sabbatis | Sabbath. | ܒܫܒܬܐ | Sabbath. | σαββάτῳ | Sabbath. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 12:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||