The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὃς | Whoever | ος | | | quisquis | qui | Whoever | ܡܢ | Whoever | Ὃς | Whoever | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | potum | non | not | — | — | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | dederit | est | is | ܗܘܐ | is | ἔστιν | is | ||||||
| — | καθ᾽ | against | καθ | | | uobis | adversum | against | ܗܟܝܠ | against | καθ’ | against | ||||||
| — | ἡμῶν | us | — | | | calicem | vos | us | ܠܘܩܒܠܟܘܢ | us | ὑμῶν | us | ||||||
| — | ὑπὲρ | for | ϋπερ | | | aquae | pro | for | — | — | ὑπὲρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἡμῶν | us | — | | | in | vobis | us | ܚܠܦܝܟܘܢ | us | ὑμῶν | us | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν. | is. | εστιν | | | nomine | est | is. | ܗܘ | is. | ἐστιν | is. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||