The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἔσωθεν | Within | εσωθεν | | | ab | Ab | Within | ܡܢ | Within | Ἔσωθεν | Within | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | intus | intus | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γάρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | from | εκ | | | autem | enim | from | ܓܝܪ | from | ἐκ | from | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | homicidia | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | καρδίας | heart | καρδιας | | | de | de | heart | ܡܢ | heart | καρδίας | heart | ||||||
| — | τῶν | <the> | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπων | of men | ανθρωπων | | | corde | corde | of men | ܠܒܐ | of men | ἀνθρώπων | of men | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | διαλογισμοὶ | thoughts | διαλογισμοι | | | hominum | hominum | thoughts | ܕܒܢܝ | thoughts | διαλογισμοὶ | thoughts | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | — | | | furta | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | κακοὶ | evil | κακοι | | | malae | malæ | evil | ܐܢܫܐ | evil | κακοὶ | evil | ||||||
| — | ἐκπορεύονται | go forth | εκπορευονται | | | cogitationes | cogitationes | go forth | ܢܦܩܢ | go forth | ἐκπορεύονται | go forth | ||||||
| — | πορνεῖαι, | sexual immorality | πορνεια | | | procedunt | procedunt | sexual immorality | ܡܚܫܒܬܐ | sexual immorality | μοιχεῖαι | sexual immorality | ||||||
| — | κλοπαί, | thefts | — | | | adulteria | adulteria | thefts | ܒܝܫܬܐ | thefts | πορνεῖαι | thefts | ||||||
| — | φόνοι, | murders, | — | | | fornicationes | fornicationes | murders, | ܓܘܪܐ | murders, | φόνοι | murders, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 7:25 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||