The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܢܦܩܘ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐξελθόντες | having gone out | εξελθοντες | | | exeuntes | exeuntes | having gone out | ܗܘܘ | having gone out | ἐξελθόντες | having gone out | ||||||
| — | ἐκήρυξαν | they proclaimed | εκηρυξαν | | | praedicabant | prædicabant | they proclaimed | — | — | ἐκήρυσσον | they proclaimed | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܘܐܟܪܙܘ | that | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| — | μετανοῶσιν, | they may repent, | μετανοωσιν | | | paenitentiam | pœnitentiam | they may repent, | ܕܢܬܘܒܘܢ | they may repent, | μετανοήσωσιν | they may repent, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 6:15 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||