The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܬܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ηλθονP45 | they came | ἦλθον | they came | ηλθον | | | uenerunt | venerunt | they came | — | — | ἦλθον | they came | |||||
εισP45 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | ultra | trans | to | ܠܥܒܪܐ | to | εἰς | to | |||||
τοP45 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
περανP45 | other side | πέραν | other side | περαν | | | — | fretum | other side | — | — | πέραν | other side | |||||
τησP45 | of the | τῆς | of the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | of the | |||||
θαλασσησP45 | sea | θαλάσσης | sea | — | | | — | maris | sea | ܕܝܡܐ | sea | θαλάσσης | sea | |||||
εισP45 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | in | in | to | ܠܐܬܪܐ | to | εἰς | to | |||||
τηνP45 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
χωρανP45 | region | χώραν | region | χωραν | | | regionem | regionem | region | — | — | χώραν | region | |||||
τωνP45 | of the | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
γερασηνωνP45 | Gerasenes. | Γερασηνῶν.¶ | Gerasenes. | — | | | gerasenorum | Gerasenorum | Gerasenes. | ܕܓܕܪܝܐ | Gerasenes. | Γαδαρηνῶν | Gerasenes. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||