Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܢܕܡܟ	and	καὶ	and
		—	καθεύδῃ	he may sleep	καθευδη	\|	obdormiat	dormiat	he may sleep	—	—	καθεύδῃ	he may sleep
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܢܩܘܡ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ἐγείρηται	he may be risen	—	\|	—	exsurgat	he may be risen	ܒܠܠܝܐ	he may be risen	ἐγείρηται	he may be risen
		—	νύκτα	night	νυκτα	\|	nocte	nocte	night	—	—	νύκτα	night
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܒܐܝܡܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ἡμέραν,	day,	ημεραν	\|	die	die	day,	ܘܙܪܥܐ	day,	ἡμέραν	day,
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	ὁ	the	ο	\|	exurgat	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
		—	σπόρος	seed	σπορος	\|	et	et	seed	ܢܪܒܐ	seed	σπόρος	seed
		—	βλαστᾷ	may sprout	βλαστα	\|	semen	semen	may sprout	ܘܢܐܪܟ	may sprout	βλαστάνῃ	may sprout
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	germinet	germinet	and	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	μηκύνηται	it may grow	—	\|	et	et	it may grow	ܟܕ	it may grow	μηκύνηται	it may grow
		—	ὡς	how	ως	\|	increscat	increscat	how	ܗܘ	how	ὡς	how
		—	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	dum	dum	not	—	—	οὐκ	not
		—	οἶδεν	knows	οιδεν	\|	nescit	nescit	knows	ܠܐ	knows	οἶδεν	knows
		—	αὐτός.	he himself.	αυτος	\|	ille	ille	he himself.	ܝܕܥ	he himself.	αὐτός	he himself.
	Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܢܕܡܟ	and	καὶ	and
	—	καθεύδῃ	he may sleep	καθευδη	\|	obdormiat	dormiat	he may sleep	—	—	καθεύδῃ	he may sleep
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܢܩܘܡ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ἐγείρηται	he may be risen	—	\|	—	exsurgat	he may be risen	ܒܠܠܝܐ	he may be risen	ἐγείρηται	he may be risen
	—	νύκτα	night	νυκτα	\|	nocte	nocte	night	—	—	νύκτα	night
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܒܐܝܡܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ἡμέραν,	day,	ημεραν	\|	die	die	day,	ܘܙܪܥܐ	day,	ἡμέραν	day,
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	ὁ	the	ο	\|	exurgat	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
	—	σπόρος	seed	σπορος	\|	et	et	seed	ܢܪܒܐ	seed	σπόρος	seed
	—	βλαστᾷ	may sprout	βλαστα	\|	semen	semen	may sprout	ܘܢܐܪܟ	may sprout	βλαστάνῃ	may sprout
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	germinet	germinet	and	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	μηκύνηται	it may grow	—	\|	et	et	it may grow	ܟܕ	it may grow	μηκύνηται	it may grow
	—	ὡς	how	ως	\|	increscat	increscat	how	ܗܘ	how	ὡς	how
	—	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	dum	dum	not	—	—	οὐκ	not
	—	οἶδεν	knows	οιδεν	\|	nescit	nescit	knows	ܠܐ	knows	οἶδεν	knows
	—	αὐτός.	he himself.	αυτος	\|	ille	ille	he himself.	ܝܕܥ	he himself.	αὐτός	he himself.
Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܢܕܡܟ

and

καὶ

and

—

καθεύδῃ

he may sleep

καθευδη

obdormiat

dormiat

he may sleep

—

καθεύδῃ

he may sleep

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܢܩܘܡ

and

καὶ

and

—

ἐγείρηται

he may be risen

—

exsurgat

he may be risen

ܒܠܠܝܐ

he may be risen

ἐγείρηται

he may be risen

—

νύκτα

night

νυκτα

nocte

night

—

νύκτα

night

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܒܐܝܡܡܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ἡμέραν,

day,

ημεραν

die

day,

ܘܙܪܥܐ

day,

ἡμέραν

day,

—

καὶ

and

και

—

καὶ

and

—

ὁ

the

exurgat

—

ὁ

the

—

σπόρος

seed

σπορος

seed

ܢܪܒܐ

seed

σπόρος

seed

—

βλαστᾷ

may sprout

βλαστα

semen

may sprout

ܘܢܐܪܟ

may sprout

βλαστάνῃ

may sprout

—

καὶ

and

και

germinet

and

—

καὶ

and

—

μηκύνηται

it may grow

—

it may grow

ܟܕ

it may grow

μηκύνηται

it may grow

—

ὡς

how

ως

increscat

how

ܗܘ

how

ὡς

how

—

οὐκ

not

ουκ

dum

not

—

οὐκ

not

—

οἶδεν

knows

οιδεν

nescit

knows

ܠܐ

knows

οἶδεν

knows

—

αὐτός.

he himself.

αυτος

ille

he himself.

ܝܕܥ

he himself.

αὐτός

he himself.

Next Fragment: Mark 4:33

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 4:27

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 4:27

Translation Lineage