The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܗܢܘܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἄλλοι | another | αλλοι | | | alii | alii | ? | ܕܒܝܬ | another | οὗτοί | another | ||||||
| — | εἰσὶν | are | εισιν | | | sunt | sunt | are | ܟܘܒܐ | are | εἰσιν | are | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | uerbum | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | ||||||
| — | εἰς | among | εις | | | qui | qui | who/which | ܡܙܕܪܥܝܢ | among | εἰς | among | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | audiunt | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | ἀκάνθας | thorns | ακανθας | | | in | spinas | ? | — | — | ἀκάνθας | thorns | ||||||
| — | σπειρόμενοι· | sown; | σπειρομενοι | | | spinis | seminantur | ? | ܗܠܝܢ | sown; | σπειρόμενοι | sown; | ||||||
| — | οὗτοί | These | ουτοι | | | seminantur | hi | ? | ܐܢܘܢ | These | οἱ | These | ||||||
| — | εἰσιν | are | εισιν | | | hi | sunt | are | ܗܢܘܢ | are | τὸν | are | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | λόγον | those | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἀκούοντες | the | ||||||
| — | λόγον | word | λογον | | | sunt | verbum | word | ܕܫܡܥܘ | word | λόγον | word | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσαντες, | hearing, | ακουσαντες | | | qui | audiunt | ? | ܡܠܬܐ | hearing, | ἀκούσαντες, | hearing, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||