Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܐܢܕܪܐܘܤ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Ἀνδρέαν	Andrew	ανδρεαν	\|	andream	Andream	Andrew	—	—	Ἀνδρέαν	Andrew
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܤ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Φίλιππον	Philip	φιλιππον	\|	filippum	Philippum	Philip	ܘܒܪ	Philip	Φίλιππον	Philip
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	Βαρθολομαῖον	Bartholomew	βαρθολομαιον	\|	barthilomeum	Bartholomæum	Bartholomew	ܬܘܠܡܝ	Bartholomew	Βαρθολομαῖον	Bartholomew
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܬܝ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Μαθθαῖον	Matthew	μαθθαιον	\|	mattheum	Matthæum	Matthew	—	—	Ματθαῖον	Matthew
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܬܐܘܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Θωμᾶν	Thomas	θωμαν	\|	thomam	Thomam	Thomas	ܘܝܥܩܘܒ	Thomas	Θωμᾶν	Thomas
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	Ἰάκωβον	James	ϊακωβον	\|	iacobum	Jacobum	James	ܒܪ	James	Ἰάκωβον	James
		—	τὸν	the son	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the son
		—	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
		—	Ἁλφαίου	of Alphaeus	αλφαιου	\|	alfei	Alphæi	of Alphaeus	ܚܠܦܝ	of Alphaeus	Ἀλφαίου	of Alphaeus
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
		—	Θαδδαῖον	Thaddaeus	—	\|	—	Thaddæum	Thaddaeus	ܘܬܕܝ	Thaddaeus	Θαδδαῖον	Thaddaeus
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܫܡܥܘܢ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Σίμωνα	Simon	σιμωνα	\|	simonem	Simonem	Simon	—	—	Σίμωνα	Simon
		—	τὸν	the	—	\|	lebbeum	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
		—	Καναναῖον	Zealot	καναναιον	\|	cananeum	Cananæum	Zealot	ܩܢܢܝܐ	Zealot	Κανανίτην	Zealot
	Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܐܢܕܪܐܘܤ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Ἀνδρέαν	Andrew	ανδρεαν	\|	andream	Andream	Andrew	—	—	Ἀνδρέαν	Andrew
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܤ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Φίλιππον	Philip	φιλιππον	\|	filippum	Philippum	Philip	ܘܒܪ	Philip	Φίλιππον	Philip
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	Βαρθολομαῖον	Bartholomew	βαρθολομαιον	\|	barthilomeum	Bartholomæum	Bartholomew	ܬܘܠܡܝ	Bartholomew	Βαρθολομαῖον	Bartholomew
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܬܝ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Μαθθαῖον	Matthew	μαθθαιον	\|	mattheum	Matthæum	Matthew	—	—	Ματθαῖον	Matthew
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܬܐܘܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Θωμᾶν	Thomas	θωμαν	\|	thomam	Thomam	Thomas	ܘܝܥܩܘܒ	Thomas	Θωμᾶν	Thomas
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	Ἰάκωβον	James	ϊακωβον	\|	iacobum	Jacobum	James	ܒܪ	James	Ἰάκωβον	James
	—	τὸν	the son	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the son
	—	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
	—	Ἁλφαίου	of Alphaeus	αλφαιου	\|	alfei	Alphæi	of Alphaeus	ܚܠܦܝ	of Alphaeus	Ἀλφαίου	of Alphaeus
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	—	—	καὶ	and
	—	Θαδδαῖον	Thaddaeus	—	\|	—	Thaddæum	Thaddaeus	ܘܬܕܝ	Thaddaeus	Θαδδαῖον	Thaddaeus
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܫܡܥܘܢ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Σίμωνα	Simon	σιμωνα	\|	simonem	Simonem	Simon	—	—	Σίμωνα	Simon
	—	τὸν	the	—	\|	lebbeum	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
	—	Καναναῖον	Zealot	καναναιον	\|	cananeum	Cananæum	Zealot	ܩܢܢܝܐ	Zealot	Κανανίτην	Zealot
Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܐܢܕܪܐܘܤ

and

καὶ

and

—

Ἀνδρέαν

Andrew

ανδρεαν

andream

Andream

Andrew

—

Ἀνδρέαν

Andrew

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܦܝܠܝܦܘܤ

and

καὶ

and

—

Φίλιππον

Philip

φιλιππον

filippum

Philippum

Philip

ܘܒܪ

Philip

Φίλιππον

Philip

—

καὶ

and

και

and

—

καὶ

and

—

Βαρθολομαῖον

Bartholomew

βαρθολομαιον

barthilomeum

Bartholomæum

Bartholomew

ܬܘܠܡܝ

Bartholomew

Βαρθολομαῖον

Bartholomew

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܡܬܝ

and

καὶ

and

—

Μαθθαῖον

Matthew

μαθθαιον

mattheum

Matthæum

Matthew

—

Ματθαῖον

Matthew

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܬܐܘܡܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

Θωμᾶν

Thomas

θωμαν

thomam

Thomam

Thomas

ܘܝܥܩܘܒ

Thomas

Θωμᾶν

Thomas

—

καὶ

and

και

and

—

καὶ

and

—

Ἰάκωβον

James

ϊακωβον

iacobum

Jacobum

James

ܒܪ

James

Ἰάκωβον

James

—

τὸν

the son

τον

—

τὸν

the son

—

τοῦ

<the>

του

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

Ἁλφαίου

of Alphaeus

αλφαιου

alfei

Alphæi

of Alphaeus

ܚܠܦܝ

of Alphaeus

Ἀλφαίου

of Alphaeus

—

καὶ

and

και

and

—

καὶ

and

—

Θαδδαῖον

Thaddaeus

—

Thaddæum

Thaddaeus

ܘܬܕܝ

Thaddaeus

Θαδδαῖον

Thaddaeus

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܫܡܥܘܢ

and

καὶ

and

—

Σίμωνα

Simon

σιμωνα

simonem

Simonem

Simon

—

Σίμωνα

Simon

—

τὸν

the

—

lebbeum

—

τὸν

the

—

Καναναῖον

Zealot

καναναιον

cananeum

Cananæum

Zealot

ܩܢܢܝܐ

Zealot

Κανανίτην

Zealot

Next Fragment: Mark 4:33

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 3:18

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 3:18

Translation Lineage