Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܝܥܩܘܒ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Ἰάκωβον	James	—	\|	iacobum	Jacobum	James	ܒܪ	James	Ἰάκωβον	James
		—	τὸν	the son	τον	\|	iohannen	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the son
		—	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
		—	Ζεβεδαίου	of Zebedee	ζεβεδαιου	\|	zebedaei	Zebedæi	of Zebedee	ܙܒܕܝ	of Zebedee	Ζεβεδαίου	of Zebedee
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܝܘܚܢܢ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Ἰωάννην	John	—	\|	—	Joannem	John	—	—	Ἰωάννην	John
		—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
		—	ἀδελφὸν	brother	αδελφον	\|	fratrem	fratrem	brother	ܐܚܘܗܝ	brother	ἀδελφὸν	brother
		—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
		—	Ἰακώβου,	of James,	—	\|	iacobi	Jacobi	of James,	ܕܝܥܩܘܒ	of James,	Ἰακώβου	of James,
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܤܡ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ἐπέθηκεν	He added	επεθηκεν	\|	inposuit	imposuit	He added	ܠܗܘܢ	He added	ἐπέθηκεν	He added
		—	αὐτοῖς	to them the	αυτοις	\|	eis	eis	to them the	ܫܡܐ	to them the	αὐτοῖς	to them the
		—	ὀνόματα	names	ονομα	\|	nomina	nomina	names	ܒܢܝ	names	ὀνόματα	names
		—	Βοανηργές,	Boanerges,	—	\|	boanges	Boanerges	Boanerges,	—	—	Βοανεργές	Boanerges,
		—	ὅ	which	ο	\|	quod	—	—	—	—	ὅ	which
		—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ	is	ἐστιν	is
		—	υἱοὶ	Sons	ϋιοι	\|	filius	Filii	Sons	ܒܢܝ	Sons	Υἱοὶ	Sons
		—	βροντῆς·	of thunder;	βροντης	\|	tonitrui	tonitrui	of thunder;	ܪܥܡܐ	of thunder;	Βροντῆς	of thunder;
	Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܝܥܩܘܒ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Ἰάκωβον	James	—	\|	iacobum	Jacobum	James	ܒܪ	James	Ἰάκωβον	James
	—	τὸν	the son	τον	\|	iohannen	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the son
	—	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
	—	Ζεβεδαίου	of Zebedee	ζεβεδαιου	\|	zebedaei	Zebedæi	of Zebedee	ܙܒܕܝ	of Zebedee	Ζεβεδαίου	of Zebedee
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܠܝܘܚܢܢ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Ἰωάννην	John	—	\|	—	Joannem	John	—	—	Ἰωάννην	John
	—	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
	—	ἀδελφὸν	brother	αδελφον	\|	fratrem	fratrem	brother	ܐܚܘܗܝ	brother	ἀδελφὸν	brother
	—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
	—	Ἰακώβου,	of James,	—	\|	iacobi	Jacobi	of James,	ܕܝܥܩܘܒ	of James,	Ἰακώβου	of James,
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܤܡ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ἐπέθηκεν	He added	επεθηκεν	\|	inposuit	imposuit	He added	ܠܗܘܢ	He added	ἐπέθηκεν	He added
	—	αὐτοῖς	to them the	αυτοις	\|	eis	eis	to them the	ܫܡܐ	to them the	αὐτοῖς	to them the
	—	ὀνόματα	names	ονομα	\|	nomina	nomina	names	ܒܢܝ	names	ὀνόματα	names
	—	Βοανηργές,	Boanerges,	—	\|	boanges	Boanerges	Boanerges,	—	—	Βοανεργές	Boanerges,
	—	ὅ	which	ο	\|	quod	—	—	—	—	ὅ	which
	—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ	is	ἐστιν	is
	—	υἱοὶ	Sons	ϋιοι	\|	filius	Filii	Sons	ܒܢܝ	Sons	Υἱοὶ	Sons
	—	βροντῆς·	of thunder;	βροντης	\|	tonitrui	tonitrui	of thunder;	ܪܥܡܐ	of thunder;	Βροντῆς	of thunder;
Next Fragment: Mark 4:33
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܠܝܥܩܘܒ

and

καὶ

and

—

Ἰάκωβον

James

—

iacobum

Jacobum

James

ܒܪ

James

Ἰάκωβον

James

—

τὸν

the son

τον

iohannen

—

τὸν

the son

—

τοῦ

<the>

του

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

Ζεβεδαίου

of Zebedee

ζεβεδαιου

zebedaei

Zebedæi

of Zebedee

ܙܒܕܝ

of Zebedee

Ζεβεδαίου

of Zebedee

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܠܝܘܚܢܢ

and

καὶ

and

—

Ἰωάννην

John

—

Joannem

John

—

Ἰωάννην

John

—

τὸν

the

τον

—

τὸν

the

—

ἀδελφὸν

brother

αδελφον

fratrem

brother

ܐܚܘܗܝ

brother

ἀδελφὸν

brother

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

Ἰακώβου,

of James,

—

iacobi

Jacobi

of James,

ܕܝܥܩܘܒ

of James,

Ἰακώβου

of James,

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܤܡ

and

καὶ

and

—

ἐπέθηκεν

He added

επεθηκεν

inposuit

imposuit

He added

ܠܗܘܢ

He added

ἐπέθηκεν

He added

—

αὐτοῖς

to them the

αυτοις

eis

to them the

ܫܡܐ

to them the

αὐτοῖς

to them the

—

ὀνόματα

names

ονομα

nomina

names

ܒܢܝ

names

ὀνόματα

names

—

Βοανηργές,

Boanerges,

—

boanges

Boanerges

Boanerges,

—

Βοανεργές

Boanerges,

—

ὅ

which

quod

—

ὅ

which

—

ἐστιν

εστιν

est

ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ

ἐστιν

—

υἱοὶ

Sons

ϋιοι

filius

Filii

Sons

ܒܢܝ

Sons

Υἱοὶ

Sons

—

βροντῆς·

of thunder;

βροντης

tonitrui

of thunder;

ܪܥܡܐ

of thunder;

Βροντῆς

of thunder;

Next Fragment: Mark 4:33

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 3:17

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 3:17

Translation Lineage