Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	ἦσαν	There were	ησαν	\|	erant	Erant	There were	ܐܝܬ	There were	Ἦσαν	There were
		—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	autem	autem	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
		—	καὶ	also	και	\|	et	et	also	—	—	καὶ	also
		—	γυναῖκες	women	γυναικες	\|	mulieres	mulieres	women	ܕܝܢ	women	γυναῖκες	women
		—	ἀπὸ	from	απο	\|	uidentes	de	from	ܐܦ	from	ἀπὸ	from
		—	μακρόθεν	afar off	μακροθεν	\|	longe	longe	afar off	ܢܫܐ	afar off	μακρόθεν	afar off
		—	θεωροῦσαι	looking on	θεωρουσαι	\|	a	aspicientes	looking on	—	—	θεωροῦσαι	looking on
		—	ἐν	among	εν	\|	inter	inter	among	ܡܢ	among	ἐν	among
		—	αἷς	whom	αις	\|	quas	quas	whom	ܪܘܚܩܐ	whom	αἷς	whom
		—	ἦν	was	ην	\|	erat	erat	was	ܕܚܙܝܢ	was	ἦν	was
		—	καὶ	also	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καὶ	also
		—	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܗܘܝ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
		—	ἡ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
		—	Μαγδαληνὴ	Magdalene	μαγδαληνη	\|	magdalene	Magdalene	Magdalene	ܡܪܝܡ	Magdalene	Μαγδαληνή	Magdalene
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܘܡܪܝܡ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
		—	ἡ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
		—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
		—	Ἰακώβου	of James	ϊακωβου	\|	iacobi	Jacobi	of James	—	—	Ἰακώβου	of James
		—	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
		—	μικροῦ	least	μεικρου	\|	minoris	minoris	least	ܐܡܗ	least	μικροῦ	least
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܕܝܥܩܘܒ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Ἰωσῆτος	of Joses	ϊωσητος	\|	ioseph	Joseph	of Joses	ܙܥܘܪܐ	of Joses	Ἰωσῆ	of Joses
		—	μήτηρ	mother	μητηρ	\|	mater	mater	mother	—	—	μήτηρ	mother
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܕܝܘܤܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	Σαλώμη,	Salome,	σαλωμη	\|	salome	Salome	Salome,	ܘܫܠܘܡ	Salome,	Σαλώμη	Salome,
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	ἦσαν	There were	ησαν	\|	erant	Erant	There were	ܐܝܬ	There were	Ἦσαν	There were
	—	δὲ	then	δε	\|	autem	autem	then	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	then
	—	καὶ	also	και	\|	et	et	also	—	—	καὶ	also
	—	γυναῖκες	women	γυναικες	\|	mulieres	mulieres	women	ܕܝܢ	women	γυναῖκες	women
	—	ἀπὸ	from	απο	\|	uidentes	de	from	ܐܦ	from	ἀπὸ	from
	—	μακρόθεν	afar off	μακροθεν	\|	longe	longe	afar off	ܢܫܐ	afar off	μακρόθεν	afar off
	—	θεωροῦσαι	looking on	θεωρουσαι	\|	a	aspicientes	looking on	—	—	θεωροῦσαι	looking on
	—	ἐν	among	εν	\|	inter	inter	among	ܡܢ	among	ἐν	among
	—	αἷς	whom	αις	\|	quas	quas	whom	ܪܘܚܩܐ	whom	αἷς	whom
	—	ἦν	was	ην	\|	erat	erat	was	ܕܚܙܝܢ	was	ἦν	was
	—	καὶ	also	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	καὶ	also
	—	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܗܘܝ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
	—	ἡ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
	—	Μαγδαληνὴ	Magdalene	μαγδαληνη	\|	magdalene	Magdalene	Magdalene	ܡܪܝܡ	Magdalene	Μαγδαληνή	Magdalene
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܘܡܪܝܡ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
	—	ἡ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
	—	τοῦ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
	—	Ἰακώβου	of James	ϊακωβου	\|	iacobi	Jacobi	of James	—	—	Ἰακώβου	of James
	—	τοῦ	the	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	the
	—	μικροῦ	least	μεικρου	\|	minoris	minoris	least	ܐܡܗ	least	μικροῦ	least
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܕܝܥܩܘܒ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Ἰωσῆτος	of Joses	ϊωσητος	\|	ioseph	Joseph	of Joses	ܙܥܘܪܐ	of Joses	Ἰωσῆ	of Joses
	—	μήτηρ	mother	μητηρ	\|	mater	mater	mother	—	—	μήτηρ	mother
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܕܝܘܤܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	Σαλώμη,	Salome,	σαλωμη	\|	salome	Salome	Salome,	ܘܫܠܘܡ	Salome,	Σαλώμη	Salome,
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

ἦσαν

There were

ησαν

erant

Erant

There were

ܐܝܬ

There were

Ἦσαν

There were

—

δὲ

then

δε

autem

then

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

then

—

καὶ

also

και

also

—

καὶ

also

—

γυναῖκες

women

γυναικες

mulieres

women

ܕܝܢ

women

γυναῖκες

women

—

ἀπὸ

from

απο

uidentes

from

ܐܦ

from

ἀπὸ

from

—

μακρόθεν

afar off

μακροθεν

longe

afar off

ܢܫܐ

afar off

μακρόθεν

afar off

—

θεωροῦσαι

looking on

θεωρουσαι

aspicientes

looking on

—

θεωροῦσαι

looking on

—

ἐν

among

εν

inter

among

ܡܢ

among

ἐν

among

—

αἷς

whom

αις

quas

whom

ܪܘܚܩܐ

whom

αἷς

whom

—

ἦν

was

ην

erat

was

ܕܚܙܝܢ

was

ἦν

was

—

καὶ

also

—

καὶ

also

—

Μαρία

Mary

μαρια

maria

Maria

Mary

ܗܘܝ

Mary

Μαρία

Mary

—

ἡ

<the>

—

ἡ

<the>

—

Μαγδαληνὴ

Magdalene

μαγδαληνη

magdalene

Magdalene

ܡܪܝܡ

Magdalene

Μαγδαληνή

Magdalene

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

Μαρία

Mary

μαρια

maria

Maria

Mary

ܘܡܪܝܡ

Mary

Μαρία

Mary

—

ἡ

the

—

ἡ

the

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

τοῦ

<the>

—

Ἰακώβου

of James

ϊακωβου

iacobi

Jacobi

of James

—

Ἰακώβου

of James

—

τοῦ

the

του

—

τοῦ

the

—

μικροῦ

least

μεικρου

minoris

least

ܐܡܗ

least

μικροῦ

least

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܕܝܥܩܘܒ

and

καὶ

and

—

Ἰωσῆτος

of Joses

ϊωσητος

ioseph

Joseph

of Joses

ܙܥܘܪܐ

of Joses

Ἰωσῆ

of Joses

—

μήτηρ

mother

μητηρ

mater

mother

—

μήτηρ

mother

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܕܝܘܤܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

Σαλώμη,

Salome,

σαλωμη

salome

Salome

Salome,

ܘܫܠܘܡ

Salome,

Σαλώμη

Salome,

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 15:40

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 15:40

Translation Lineage