Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	Ἦν	It was	ην	\|	erat	Erat	It was	ܒܬܪ	It was	Ἦν	It was
		—	δὲ	now	δε	\|	autem	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	now
		—	τὸ	the	το	\|	futurum	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	πάσχα	Passover	πασχα	\|	pascha	Pascha	Passover	ܬܪܝܢ	Passover	Πάσχα	Passover
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܝܘܡܝܢ	and	καὶ	and
		—	τὰ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
		—	ἄζυμα	Feast of Unleavened Bread	—	\|	—	azyma	Feast of Unleavened Bread	—	—	ἄζυμα	Feast of Unleavened Bread
		—	μετὰ	after	μετα	\|	post	post	after	ܗܘܐ	after	μετὰ	after
		—	δύο	two	—	\|	biduum	biduum	two	ܗܘܐ	two	δύο	two
		—	ἡμέρας,	days,	ημερας	\|	et	et	days,	ܦܨܚܐ	days,	ἡμέρας	days,
		—	καὶ	And	και	\|	—	quærebant	And	ܕܦܛܝܪܐ	And	καὶ	And
		—	ἐζήτουν	were seeking	εζητουν	\|	summi	summi	were seeking	ܘܒܥܝܢ	were seeking	ἐζήτουν	were seeking
		—	οἱ	the	οι	\|	quaerebant	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
		—	ἀρχιερεῖς	chief priests	αρχιερεις	\|	sacerdotes	sacerdotes	chief priests	ܗܘܘ	chief priests	ἀρχιερεῖς	chief priests
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܪܒܝ	and	καὶ	and
		—	οἱ	the	οι	\|	—	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
		—	γραμματεῖς	scribes	γραμματεις	\|	scribae	scribæ	scribes	ܟܗܢܐ	scribes	γραμματεῖς	scribes
		—	πῶς	how	πως	\|	quomodo	quomodo	how	—	—	πῶς	how
		—	αὐτὸν	Him	αυτον	\|	—	eum	Him	ܘܤܦܪܐ	Him	αὐτὸν	Him
		—	ἐν	by	—	\|	dolo	dolo	by	ܐܝܟܢܐ	by	ἐν	by
		—	δόλῳ	stealth	—	\|	tenerent	tenerent	stealth	ܒܢܟܠܐ	stealth	δόλῳ	stealth
		—	κρατήσαντες	having taken	κρατησαντες	\|	illum	et	having taken	ܢܐܚܕܘܢ	having taken	κρατήσαντες	having taken
		—	ἀποκτείνωσιν·	they may kill Him;	αποκτεινωσιν	\|	occiderent	occiderent	they may kill Him;	ܘܢܩܛܠܘܢܝܗܝ	they may kill Him;	ἀποκτείνωσιν	they may kill Him;
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	Ἦν	It was	ην	\|	erat	Erat	It was	ܒܬܪ	It was	Ἦν	It was
	—	δὲ	now	δε	\|	autem	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	now
	—	τὸ	the	το	\|	futurum	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	πάσχα	Passover	πασχα	\|	pascha	Pascha	Passover	ܬܪܝܢ	Passover	Πάσχα	Passover
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	et	et	and	ܝܘܡܝܢ	and	καὶ	and
	—	τὰ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
	—	ἄζυμα	Feast of Unleavened Bread	—	\|	—	azyma	Feast of Unleavened Bread	—	—	ἄζυμα	Feast of Unleavened Bread
	—	μετὰ	after	μετα	\|	post	post	after	ܗܘܐ	after	μετὰ	after
	—	δύο	two	—	\|	biduum	biduum	two	ܗܘܐ	two	δύο	two
	—	ἡμέρας,	days,	ημερας	\|	et	et	days,	ܦܨܚܐ	days,	ἡμέρας	days,
	—	καὶ	And	και	\|	—	quærebant	And	ܕܦܛܝܪܐ	And	καὶ	And
	—	ἐζήτουν	were seeking	εζητουν	\|	summi	summi	were seeking	ܘܒܥܝܢ	were seeking	ἐζήτουν	were seeking
	—	οἱ	the	οι	\|	quaerebant	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
	—	ἀρχιερεῖς	chief priests	αρχιερεις	\|	sacerdotes	sacerdotes	chief priests	ܗܘܘ	chief priests	ἀρχιερεῖς	chief priests
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܪܒܝ	and	καὶ	and
	—	οἱ	the	οι	\|	—	—	—	—	—	οἱ	the
	—	γραμματεῖς	scribes	γραμματεις	\|	scribae	scribæ	scribes	ܟܗܢܐ	scribes	γραμματεῖς	scribes
	—	πῶς	how	πως	\|	quomodo	quomodo	how	—	—	πῶς	how
	—	αὐτὸν	Him	αυτον	\|	—	eum	Him	ܘܤܦܪܐ	Him	αὐτὸν	Him
	—	ἐν	by	—	\|	dolo	dolo	by	ܐܝܟܢܐ	by	ἐν	by
	—	δόλῳ	stealth	—	\|	tenerent	tenerent	stealth	ܒܢܟܠܐ	stealth	δόλῳ	stealth
	—	κρατήσαντες	having taken	κρατησαντες	\|	illum	et	having taken	ܢܐܚܕܘܢ	having taken	κρατήσαντες	having taken
	—	ἀποκτείνωσιν·	they may kill Him;	αποκτεινωσιν	\|	occiderent	occiderent	they may kill Him;	ܘܢܩܛܠܘܢܝܗܝ	they may kill Him;	ἀποκτείνωσιν	they may kill Him;
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

Ἦν

It was

ην

erat

Erat

It was

ܒܬܪ

It was

Ἦν

It was

—

δὲ

now

δε

autem

now

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

now

—

τὸ

the

το

futurum

—

τὸ

the

—

πάσχα

Passover

πασχα

pascha

Pascha

Passover

ܬܪܝܢ

Passover

Πάσχα

Passover

—

καὶ

and

—

and

ܝܘܡܝܢ

and

καὶ

and

—

τὰ

the

—

τὰ

the

—

ἄζυμα

Feast of Unleavened Bread

—

azyma

Feast of Unleavened Bread

—

ἄζυμα

Feast of Unleavened Bread

—

μετὰ

after

μετα

post

after

ܗܘܐ

after

μετὰ

after

—

δύο

two

—

biduum

two

ܗܘܐ

two

δύο

two

—

ἡμέρας,

days,

ημερας

days,

ܦܨܚܐ

days,

ἡμέρας

days,

—

καὶ

And

και

—

quærebant

And

ܕܦܛܝܪܐ

And

καὶ

And

—

ἐζήτουν

were seeking

εζητουν

summi

were seeking

ܘܒܥܝܢ

were seeking

ἐζήτουν

were seeking

—

οἱ

the

οι

quaerebant

—

οἱ

the

—

ἀρχιερεῖς

chief priests

αρχιερεις

sacerdotes

chief priests

ܗܘܘ

chief priests

ἀρχιερεῖς

chief priests

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܪܒܝ

and

καὶ

and

—

οἱ

the

οι

—

οἱ

the

—

γραμματεῖς

scribes

γραμματεις

scribae

scribæ

scribes

ܟܗܢܐ

scribes

γραμματεῖς

scribes

—

πῶς

how

πως

quomodo

how

—

πῶς

how

—

αὐτὸν

Him

αυτον

—

eum

Him

ܘܤܦܪܐ

Him

αὐτὸν

Him

—

ἐν

—

dolo

ܐܝܟܢܐ

ἐν

—

δόλῳ

stealth

—

tenerent

stealth

ܒܢܟܠܐ

stealth

δόλῳ

stealth

—

κρατήσαντες

having taken

κρατησαντες

illum

having taken

ܢܐܚܕܘܢ

having taken

κρατήσαντες

having taken

—

ἀποκτείνωσιν·

they may kill Him;

αποκτεινωσιν

occiderent

they may kill Him;

ܘܢܩܛܠܘܢܝܗܝ

they may kill Him;

ἀποκτείνωσιν

they may kill Him;

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 14:1

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 14:1

Translation Lineage