The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | σταυροῦσιν | having crucified | — | | | cruci | crucifigentes | having crucified | ܙܩܦܘܗܝ | having crucified | σταυρώσαντες | having crucified | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | — | — | αὐτόν | Him | ||||||
| — | καὶ | also | — | | | diuiserunt | diviserunt | also | ܦܠܓܘ | also | διαμερίζονται | also | ||||||
| — | διαμερίζονται | they divide for themselves | διαμεριζονται | | | uestimenta | vestimenta | they divide for themselves | ܡܐܢܘܗܝ | they divide for themselves | τὰ | they divide for themselves | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | τα | | | adfixerunt | — | — | — | — | ἱμάτια | the | ||||||
| — | ἱμάτια | garments | ϊματια | | | eius | ejus | garments | — | — | αὐτοῦ | garments | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | — | — | — | ܘܐܪܡܝܘ | of Him | βάλλοντες | of Him | ||||||
| — | βάλλοντες | casting | βαλλοντες | | | mittentes | mittentes | casting | ܥܠܝܗܘܢ | casting | κλῆρον | casting | ||||||
| — | κλῆρον | lots | κληρον | | | sortem | sortem | lots | — | — | ἐπ’ | lots | ||||||
| — | ἐπ᾽ | for | επ | | | super | super | for | ܦܤܐ | for | αὐτά | for | ||||||
| — | αὐτά, | them, | αυτα | | | — | eis | them, | ܡܢܘ | them, | τίς | them, | ||||||
| — | τίς | who | — | | | — | quis | who | — | — | τί | who | ||||||
| — | τί | what | — | | | — | quid | what | ܡܢܐ | what | ἄρῃ | what | ||||||
| — | ἄρῃ. | may take. | — | | | ea | tolleret | may take. | ܢܤܒ | may take. | ἄρῃ. | may take. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||