The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἦν | It was | ην | | | erat | Erat | It was | ܐܝܬ | It was | Ἦν | It was | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ὥρα | the hour | ωρα | | | hora | hora | the hour | ܕܝܢ | the hour | ὥρα | the hour | ||||||
| — | τρίτη, | third, | — | | | tertia | tertia | third, | ܫܥܐ | third, | τρίτη | third, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܬܠܬ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐσταύρωσαν | they crucified | — | | | custodiebant | crucifixerunt | they crucified | ܟܕ | they crucified | ἐσταύρωσαν | they crucified | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him. | ܙܩܦܘܗܝ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||