Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
		—	δὲ	But	δε	\|	ille	Ille	But	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	But
		—	ἤρξατο	he began	ηρξατο	\|	—	autem	he began	ܕܝܢ	he began	ἤρξατο	he began
		—	ἀναθεματίζειν	to curse	αναθεματειζειν	\|	coepit	cœpit	to curse	ܫܪܝ	to curse	ἀναθεματίζειν	to curse
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	deuotare	anathematizare	and	ܗܘܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ὀμνύναι	to swear	—	\|	et	et	to swear	ܡܚܪܡ	to swear	ὀμνύναι	to swear
		—	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	—	jurare	that	ܘܝܡܐ	that	ὅτι	that
		—	οὐκ	Not	ουκ	\|	quia	Quia	Not	ܕܠܐ	Not	Οὐκ	Not
		—	οἶδα	I know	οιδα	\|	nescio	nescio	I know	ܝܕܥ	I know	οἶδα	I know
		—	τὸν	<the>	τον	\|	dicitis	—	—	—	—	τὸν	<the>
		—	ἄνθρωπον	man	ανθρωπον	\|	hominem	hominem	man	ܐܢܐ	man	ἄνθρωπον	man
		—	τοῦτον	this	—	\|	istum	istum	this	ܠܓܒܪܐ	this	τοῦτον	this
		—	ὃν	whom	ον	\|	quem	quem	whom	ܗܢܐ	whom	ὃν	whom
		—	λέγετε.	you speak of!	—	\|	dicere	dicitis	you speak of!	ܕܐܡܪܝܢ	you speak of!	λέγετε	you speak of!
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
	—	δὲ	But	δε	\|	ille	Ille	But	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	But
	—	ἤρξατο	he began	ηρξατο	\|	—	autem	he began	ܕܝܢ	he began	ἤρξατο	he began
	—	ἀναθεματίζειν	to curse	αναθεματειζειν	\|	coepit	cœpit	to curse	ܫܪܝ	to curse	ἀναθεματίζειν	to curse
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	deuotare	anathematizare	and	ܗܘܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ὀμνύναι	to swear	—	\|	et	et	to swear	ܡܚܪܡ	to swear	ὀμνύναι	to swear
	—	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	—	jurare	that	ܘܝܡܐ	that	ὅτι	that
	—	οὐκ	Not	ουκ	\|	quia	Quia	Not	ܕܠܐ	Not	Οὐκ	Not
	—	οἶδα	I know	οιδα	\|	nescio	nescio	I know	ܝܕܥ	I know	οἶδα	I know
	—	τὸν	<the>	τον	\|	dicitis	—	—	—	—	τὸν	<the>
	—	ἄνθρωπον	man	ανθρωπον	\|	hominem	hominem	man	ܐܢܐ	man	ἄνθρωπον	man
	—	τοῦτον	this	—	\|	istum	istum	this	ܠܓܒܪܐ	this	τοῦτον	this
	—	ὃν	whom	ον	\|	quem	quem	whom	ܗܢܐ	whom	ὃν	whom
	—	λέγετε.	you speak of!	—	\|	dicere	dicitis	you speak of!	ܕܐܡܪܝܢ	you speak of!	λέγετε	you speak of!
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

ὁ

<the>

—

Ὁ

<the>

—

δὲ

But

δε

ille

Ille

But

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

But

—

ἤρξατο

he began

ηρξατο

—

autem

he began

ܕܝܢ

he began

ἤρξατο

he began

—

ἀναθεματίζειν

to curse

αναθεματειζειν

coepit

cœpit

to curse

ܫܪܝ

to curse

ἀναθεματίζειν

to curse

—

καὶ

and

και

deuotare

anathematizare

and

ܗܘܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ὀμνύναι

to swear

—

to swear

ܡܚܪܡ

to swear

ὀμνύναι

to swear

—

ὅτι

that

οτι

—

jurare

that

ܘܝܡܐ

that

ὅτι

that

—

οὐκ

Not

ουκ

quia

Quia

Not

ܕܠܐ

Not

Οὐκ

Not

—

οἶδα

I know

οιδα

nescio

I know

ܝܕܥ

I know

οἶδα

I know

—

τὸν

<the>

τον

dicitis

—

τὸν

<the>

—

ἄνθρωπον

man

ανθρωπον

hominem

man

ܐܢܐ

man

ἄνθρωπον

man

—

τοῦτον

this

—

istum

this

ܠܓܒܪܐ

this

τοῦτον

this

—

ὃν

whom

ον

quem

whom

ܗܢܐ

whom

ὃν

whom

—

λέγετε.

you speak of!

—

dicere

dicitis

you speak of!

ܕܐܡܪܝܢ

you speak of!

λέγετε

you speak of!

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 14:71

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 14:71

Translation Lineage