The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλP66 · P75 | but | ἀλλ᾽ | but | αλλ | | | sed | Sed | but | ܐܠܐ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | |||||
ιναP66 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that/so that | ܕܢܕܥ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
γνωP66 · P75 | may know | γνῷ | may know | γνω | | | sciatis | cognoscat | ? | ܥܠܡܐ | may know | γνῷ | may know | |||||
οP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | hinc | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
κοσμοσP66 · P75 | world | κόσμος | world | κοσμος | | | mundum | mundus | ? | ܕܪܚܡ | world | κόσμος | world | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | quia | because/that | — | — | ὅτι | that | |||||
αγαπωP66 · P75 | I love | ἀγαπῶ | I love | αγαπω | | | diligo | diligo | ? | ܐܢܐ | I love | ἀγαπῶ | I love | |||||
τονP66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
πραP66 · P75 | Father, | πατέρα, | Father, | πρα | | | patrem | et | and | ܠܐܒܝ | Father, | πατέρα | Father, | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | sicut | just as | ܘܐܝܟܢܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
καθωσP66 · P75 | even as | καθὼς | even as | καθως | | | sicut | mandatum | ? | ܕܦܩܕܢܝ | even as | καθὼς | even as | |||||
ενετειλατοP66 · P75 | He has commanded | ἐνετείλατό | He has commanded | ενετειλατο | | | mandauit | dedit | gave | ܐܒܝ | He has commanded | ἐνετείλατό | He has commanded | |||||
μοιP66 · P75 | to Me | μοι | to Me | μοι | | | — | mihi | ? | ܗܟܘܬ | to Me | μοι | to Me | |||||
οP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
πηρP66 · P75 | Father, | πατήρ, | Father, | — | | | mihi | Pater | father | ܥܒܕ | Father, | πατήρ | Father, | |||||
ουτωσP66 · P75 | thus | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | quoniam | sic | ? | — | — | οὕτως | thus | |||||
ποιωP66 · P75 | I do. | ποιῶ.¶ | I do. | ποιω | | | sic | facio | ? | ܐܢܐ | I do. | ποιῶ | I do. | |||||
εγειρεσθεP66 · P75 | do rise up, | ἐγείρεσθε, | do rise up, | εγειρεσθε | | | facio | Surgite | ? | ܩܘܡܘ | do rise up, | Ἐγείρεσθε | do rise up, | |||||
αγωμενP66 · P75 | let us go | ἄγωμεν | let us go | αγωμεν | | | surgite | eamus | ? | ܢܐܙܠ | let us go | ἄγωμεν | let us go | |||||
εντευθενP66 · P75 | from here. | ἐντεῦθεν.¶ | from here. | εντευθεν | | | eamus | hinc | from here | ܡܟܐ | from here. | ἐντεῦθεν | from here. | |||||
| Next Fragment: John 15:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||