The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܦܠܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲ | not | ουδε | | | nec | non | not | ܕܝܢ | not | οὐδὲ | not | ||||||
| — | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | erat | erat | thus | ܗܟܢܐ | thus | οὕτως | thus | ||||||
| — | ἴση | alike | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἴση | alike | ||||||
| — | ἦν | was | ην | | | conueniens | conveniens | was | ܫܘܝܐ | was | ἦν | was | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the | η | | | sic | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| — | μαρτυρία | testimony | μαρτυρια | | | testimonia | testimonium | testimony | ܗܘܬ | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν. | of them. | αυτων | | | illorum | illorum | of them. | ܤܗܕܘܬܗܘܢ | of them. | αὐτῶν | of them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||