The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܩܡ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἀναστὰς | having stood up | αναστας | | | exsurgens | exsurgens | having stood up | ܪܒ | having stood up | ἀναστὰς | having stood up | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | summus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | ἀρχιερεὺς | high priest | αρχιερευς | | | sacerdos | sacerdos | high priest | ܟܗܢܐ | high priest | ἀρχιερεὺς | high priest | ||||||
| — | εἰς | in | εις | | | in | in | in | ܒܡܨܥܬܐ | in | εἰς | in | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | medium | — | — | — | — | μέσον | the | ||||||
| — | μέσον | midst | μεσον | | | interrogabat | interrogavit | midst | ܘܫܐܠܗ | midst | ἐπηρώτησεν | midst | ||||||
| — | ἐπηρώτησεν | he questioned | επηρωτησεν | | | ihm | Jesum | he questioned | ܠܝܫܘܥ | he questioned | τὸν | he questioned | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | dicens | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | ιην | | | non | Non | Jesus | ܘܐܡܪ | Jesus | λέγων | Jesus | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | respondes | respondes | saying; | ܠܐ | saying; | Οὐκ | saying; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | quid | quidquam | Not | ܡܦܢܐ | Not | ἀποκρίνῃ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἀποκρίνῃ | answer You | αποκρινη | | | nihil | ad | answer You | ܐܢܬ | answer You | οὐδέν | answer You | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲν | no thing | ουδεν | | | — | ea | no thing | ܦܬܓܡܐ | no thing | Τί | no thing | ||||||
| — | τί | What about | τι | | | isti | quæ | What about | ܡܢܐ | What about | οὗτοί | What about | ||||||
| — | οὗτοί | these | ουτοι | | | tibi | tibi | these | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | these | σου | these | ||||||
| — | σου | You | σου | | | — | objiciuntur | You | ܥܠܝܟ | You | καταμαρτυροῦσιν | You | ||||||
| — | καταμαρτυροῦσιν; | testify against? | καταμαρτυρουσιν | | | testantur | ab | testify against? | ܗܠܝܢ | testify against? | καταμαρτυροῦσιν; | testify against? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||