The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܝܗܘܕܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | — | | | eum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰούδας | Judas | ϊουδας | | | iudas | Judas | Judas | ܕܝܢ | Judas | Ἰούδας | Judas | ||||||
| — | Ἰσκαριώθ, | Iscariot, | — | | | scariotes | Iscariotes | Iscariot, | ܤܟܪܝܘܛܐ | Iscariot, | ὁ | Iscariot, | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | — | | | illi | — | — | — | — | Ἰσκαριώτης | <the> | ||||||
| — | εἷς | one | — | | | unus | unus | one | ܚܕ | one | εἷς | one | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | δώδεκα, | Twelve, | — | | | de | de | Twelve, | ܡܢ | Twelve, | δώδεκα | Twelve, | ||||||
| — | ἀπῆλθεν | went away | απηλθεν | | | xii | duodecim | went away | ܬܪܥܤܪ | went away | ἀπῆλθεν | went away | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | to | προς | | | abiit | abiit | to | ܐܙܠ | to | πρὸς | to | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | ad | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | ad | ad | chief priests | ܠܘܬ | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | summos | summos | that | ܪܒܝ | that | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | sacerdotes | sacerdotes | Him | ܟܗܢܐ | Him | παραδῷ | Him | ||||||
| — | παραδοῖ | he may betray | — | | | ut | ut | he may betray | ܐܝܟ | he may betray | αὐτὸν | he may betray | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς. | to them. | — | | | proderet | proderet | to them. | ܕܢܫܠܡܝܘܗܝ | to them. | αὐτοῖς | to them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||