The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | αὐτὸς | Himself | αυτος | | | ipse | Ipse | Himself | ܗܘ | Himself | Αὐτὸς | Himself | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | dmn | ergo | therefore | ܗܟܝܠ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | Δαυὶδ | David | δαυειδ | | | dauid | David | David | ܕܘܝܕ | David | Δαυὶδ | David | ||||||
| — | λέγει | names | λεγει | | | dicit | dicit | names | ܩܪܐ | names | λέγει | names | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | — | — | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | κύριον, | Lord, | κν | | | — | Dominum | Lord, | ܠܗ | Lord, | κύριον | Lord, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | then | και | | | et | et | then | ܡܪܝ | then | καὶ | then | ||||||
| — | πόθεν | how | ποθεν | | | unde | unde | how | ܘܐܝܟܢܐ | how | πόθεν | how | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of him | — | | | est | est | of him | ܒܪܗ | of him | υἱὸς | of him | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | is He | εστιν | | | filius | filius | is He | ܐܝܬܘܗܝ | is He | αὐτοῦ | is He | ||||||
| — | υἱός; | son? | ϋιος | | | eius | ejus | son? | ܘܟܠܗ | son? | ἐστιν | son? | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | — | | | et | Et | And | ܟܢܫܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | — | | | et | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | πολὺς | great | — | | | multa | multa | great | — | — | πολὺς | great | ||||||
| — | ὄχλος | crowd | — | | | turba | turba | crowd | ܫܡܥ | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | ||||||
| — | ἤκουεν | was listening | — | | | eum | eum | was listening | ܗܘܐ | was listening | ἤκουεν | was listening | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | to Him | αυτου | | | libenter | libenter | to Him | ܠܗ | to Him | αὐτοῦ | to Him | ||||||
| — | ἡδέως.¶ | gladly. | ηδεως | | | audiebat | audivit | gladly. | ܒܤܝܡܐܝܬ | gladly. | ἡδέως | gladly. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||