The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | αὐτὸς | Himself | — | | | ipse | Ipse | Himself | ܗܘ | Himself | Αὐτὸς | Himself | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | — | | | et | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | Δαυὶδ | David | δαυειδ | | | dauid | David | David | ܕܘܝܕ | David | Δαυὶδ | David | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | — | dicit | said | — | — | εἶπεν | said | ||||||
| — | ἐν | by | εν | | | — | in | by | ܐܡܪ | by | ἐν | by | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | spo | — | — | — | — | πνεύματι | the | ||||||
| — | πνεύματι | Spirit | πνι | | | — | Spiritu | Spirit | ܒܪܘܚܐ | Spirit | ἁγίῳ | Spirit | ||||||
| — | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | Λέγει | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἁγίῳ· | Holy: | αγιω | | | sancto | Sancto | Holy: | ܕܩܘܕܫܐ | Holy: | ὁ | Holy: | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | Said | — | | | dixit | Dixit | Said | ܕܐܡܪ | Said | κύριος | Said | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος | Lord | — | | | dms | Dominus | Lord | — | — | κυρίῳ | Lord | ||||||
| — | τῷ | to the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | μου | to the | ||||||
| — | κυρίῳ | Lord | κω | | | — | Domino | Lord | ܡܪܝܐ | Lord | Κάθου | Lord | ||||||
| — | μου· | of me; | μου | | | meo | meo | of me; | ܠܡܪܝ | of me; | ἐκ | of me; | ||||||
| — | κάθου | do sit | καθου | | | dmo | — | — | ܬܒ | do sit | δεξιῶν | do sit | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | at | εκ | | | sede | Sede | at | ܠܟ | at | μου | at | ||||||
| — | δεξιῶν | the right hand | δεξιων | | | ad | a | the right hand | ܡܢ | the right hand | ἕως | the right hand | ||||||
| — | μου | of Me | μου | | | dexteram | dextris | of Me | — | — | ἂν | of Me | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | — | meis | until | ܝܡܝܢܝ | until | θῶ | until | ||||||
| — | ἂν | when | — | | | donec | donec | when | ܥܕܡܐ | when | τοὺς | when | ||||||
| — | θῶ | I may place | — | | | ponam | ponam | I may place | ܕܐܤܝܡ | I may place | ἐχθρούς | I may place | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | of the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | σου | of the | ||||||
| — | ἐχθρούς | enemies | — | | | inimicos | inimicos | enemies | ܒܥܠܕܒܒܝܟ | enemies | ὑποπόδιον | enemies | ||||||
| — | σου | of You | σου | | | tuos | tuos | of You | — | — | τῶν | of You | ||||||
| — | ὑποκάτω | under | ϋποκατω | | | scamillum | scabellum | under | ܟܘܒܫܐ | under | ποδῶν | under | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | meam | — | — | — | — | σου | of the | ||||||
| — | ποδῶν | feet | ποδων | | | pedum | pedum | feet | ܬܚܝܬ | feet | ποδῶν | feet | ||||||
| — | σου. | of You.’ | σου | | | tuorum | tuorum | of You.’ | ܪܓܠܝܟ | of You.’ | σου. | of You.’ | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||