The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | ihs | Jesus | now | ܕܝܢ | but | Ὁ | now | ||||||
| — | ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | — | | | autem | autem | Answered | ܠܗ | Answered | δὲ | Answered | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | dixit | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | respondens | respondit | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | ἀπεκρίθη | Jesus | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | — | ei | to him | — | — | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | The | — | | | illi | Quia | The | ܩܕܡܝ | The | ὅτι | The | ||||||
| — | πρώτη | first | πρωτη | | | primum | primum | first | ܡܢ | first | Πρώτη | first | ||||||
| — | ἐστίν | is | — | | | omnium | omnium | is | ܟܠܗܘܢ | is | πάντων | is | ||||||
| — | πασῶν | of all | — | | | — | mandatum | of all | ܦܘܩܕܢܐ | of all | τῶν | of all | ||||||
| — | τῶν | <the> | — | | | istrahel | — | — | — | — | ἐντολῶν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἐντολῶν· | commandments: | — | | | est | est | commandments: | — | — | Ἄκουε | commandments: | ||||||
| — | ἄκουε | do listen | ακουε | | | audi | Audi | do listen | ܫܡܥ | do listen | Ἰσραήλ | do listen | ||||||
| — | Ἰσραήλ, | O Israel: | — | | | — | Israël | O Israel: | ܐܝܤܪܝܠ | O Israel: | κύριος | O Israel: | ||||||
| — | κύριος | The Lord | — | | | dms | Dominus | The Lord | ܡܪܝܐ | The Lord | ὁ | The Lord | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | ds | — | — | — | — | θεὸς | the | ||||||
| — | θεὸς | God | — | | | — | Deus | God | ܐܠܗܢ | God | ἡμῶν | God | ||||||
| — | ἡμῶν | of us | ημων | | | noster | tuus | of us | — | — | κύριος | of us | ||||||
| — | κύριος | the Lord | — | | | — | Deus | the Lord | ܡܪܝܐ | the Lord | εἷς | the Lord | ||||||
| — | εἷς | One | εις | | | unus | unus | One | ܚܕ | One | ἐστίν | One | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν· | is; | εστιν | | | dms | est | is; | ܗܘ | is; | ἐστιν· | is; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||