Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
καιP45		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܩܪܒ	And	Καὶ	And
προσελθὼνP45		having come up	προσελθὼν	having come up	προσελθων	\|	accessit	accessit	having come up	ܚܕ	having come up	προσελθὼν	having come up
εἷςP45		one	εἷς	one	εις	\|	unus	unus	one	ܡܢ	one	εἷς	one
τῶνP45		of the	τῶν	of the	των	\|	de	—	—	—	—	τῶν	of the
γραμματέων,P45		scribes,	γραμματέων,	scribes,	γραμματεων	\|	scribis	scribis	scribes,	ܤܦܪܐ	scribes,	γραμματέων	scribes,
ἀκούσαςP45		having heard	ἀκούσας	having heard	ακουσας	\|	qui	qui	having heard	—	—	ἀκούσας	having heard
αὐτῶνP45		when they	αὐτῶν	when they	αυτω	\|	audierat	audierat	when they	ܘܫܡܥ	when they	αὐτῶν	when they
συζητούντων,P45		are reasoning together,	συζητούντων,	are reasoning together,	—	\|	illos	illos	are reasoning together,	ܐܢܘܢ	are reasoning together,	συζητούντων	are reasoning together,
ἰδὼνP45		seeing	ἰδὼν	seeing	ειδων	\|	conquerentes	conquirentes	seeing	ܕܕܪܫܝܢ	seeing	εἰδὼς	seeing
ὅτιP45		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	et	et	that	ܘܚܙܐ	that	ὅτι	that
καλῶςP45		well	καλῶς	well	καλως	\|	uidens	videns	well	ܕܫܦܝܪ	well	καλῶς	well
ἀπεκρίθηP45		He answered	ἀπεκρίθη	He answered	—	\|	quoniam	quoniam	He answered	ܐܬܝܒ	He answered	αὐτοῖς	He answered
αὐτοῖς,P45		them	αὐτοῖς,	them	αυτοις	\|	bene	bene	them	ܠܗܘܢ	them	ἀπεκρίθη	them
ἐπηρώτησενP45		he questioned	ἐπηρώτησεν	he questioned	επηρωτησεν	\|	illis	illis	he questioned	ܦܬܓܡܐ	he questioned	ἐπηρώτησεν	he questioned
αὐτόν·P45		Him;	αὐτόν·	Him;	αυτον	\|	respondit	responderit	Him;	—	—	αὐτόν	Him;
ποίαP45		Which	ποία	Which	ποια	\|	interrogabat	interrogavit	Which	ܘܫܐܠܗ	Which	Ποία	Which
ἐστὶνP45		is	ἐστὶν	is	εστιν	\|	eum	eum	is	ܐܝܢܘ	is	ἐστὶν	is
ἐντολὴP45		commandment	ἐντολὴ	commandment	εντολη	\|	quod	quod	commandment	ܦܘܩܕܢܐ	commandment	πρώτη	commandment
πρώτηP45		the first	πρώτη	the first	πρωτη	\|	dicens	esset	the first	ܩܕܡܝܐ	the first	πάντων	the first
πάντων;P45		of all	πάντων;	of all	—	\|	primum	primum	of all	ܕܟܠܗܘܢ	of all	ἐντολή	of all
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
καιP45		And	Καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܩܪܒ	And	Καὶ	And
προσελθὼνP45		having come up	προσελθὼν	having come up	προσελθων	\|	accessit	accessit	having come up	ܚܕ	having come up	προσελθὼν	having come up
εἷςP45		one	εἷς	one	εις	\|	unus	unus	one	ܡܢ	one	εἷς	one
τῶνP45		of the	τῶν	of the	των	\|	de	—	—	—	—	τῶν	of the
γραμματέων,P45		scribes,	γραμματέων,	scribes,	γραμματεων	\|	scribis	scribis	scribes,	ܤܦܪܐ	scribes,	γραμματέων	scribes,
ἀκούσαςP45		having heard	ἀκούσας	having heard	ακουσας	\|	qui	qui	having heard	—	—	ἀκούσας	having heard
αὐτῶνP45		when they	αὐτῶν	when they	αυτω	\|	audierat	audierat	when they	ܘܫܡܥ	when they	αὐτῶν	when they
συζητούντων,P45		are reasoning together,	συζητούντων,	are reasoning together,	—	\|	illos	illos	are reasoning together,	ܐܢܘܢ	are reasoning together,	συζητούντων	are reasoning together,
ἰδὼνP45		seeing	ἰδὼν	seeing	ειδων	\|	conquerentes	conquirentes	seeing	ܕܕܪܫܝܢ	seeing	εἰδὼς	seeing
ὅτιP45		that	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	et	et	that	ܘܚܙܐ	that	ὅτι	that
καλῶςP45		well	καλῶς	well	καλως	\|	uidens	videns	well	ܕܫܦܝܪ	well	καλῶς	well
ἀπεκρίθηP45		He answered	ἀπεκρίθη	He answered	—	\|	quoniam	quoniam	He answered	ܐܬܝܒ	He answered	αὐτοῖς	He answered
αὐτοῖς,P45		them	αὐτοῖς,	them	αυτοις	\|	bene	bene	them	ܠܗܘܢ	them	ἀπεκρίθη	them
ἐπηρώτησενP45		he questioned	ἐπηρώτησεν	he questioned	επηρωτησεν	\|	illis	illis	he questioned	ܦܬܓܡܐ	he questioned	ἐπηρώτησεν	he questioned
αὐτόν·P45		Him;	αὐτόν·	Him;	αυτον	\|	respondit	responderit	Him;	—	—	αὐτόν	Him;
ποίαP45		Which	ποία	Which	ποια	\|	interrogabat	interrogavit	Which	ܘܫܐܠܗ	Which	Ποία	Which
ἐστὶνP45		is	ἐστὶν	is	εστιν	\|	eum	eum	is	ܐܝܢܘ	is	ἐστὶν	is
ἐντολὴP45		commandment	ἐντολὴ	commandment	εντολη	\|	quod	quod	commandment	ܦܘܩܕܢܐ	commandment	πρώτη	commandment
πρώτηP45		the first	πρώτη	the first	πρωτη	\|	dicens	esset	the first	ܩܕܡܝܐ	the first	πάντων	the first
πάντων;P45		of all	πάντων;	of all	—	\|	primum	primum	of all	ܕܟܠܗܘܢ	of all	ἐντολή	of all
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

καιP45

And

Καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܩܪܒ

And

Καὶ

And

προσελθὼνP45

having come up

προσελθὼν

having come up

προσελθων

accessit

having come up

ܚܕ

having come up

προσελθὼν

having come up

εἷςP45

one

εἷς

one

εις

unus

one

ܡܢ

one

εἷς

one

τῶνP45

of the

τῶν

of the

των

—

τῶν

of the

γραμματέων,P45

scribes,

γραμματέων,

scribes,

γραμματεων

scribis

scribes,

ܤܦܪܐ

scribes,

γραμματέων

scribes,

ἀκούσαςP45

having heard

ἀκούσας

having heard

ακουσας

qui

having heard

—

ἀκούσας

having heard

αὐτῶνP45

when they

αὐτῶν

when they

αυτω

audierat

when they

ܘܫܡܥ

when they

αὐτῶν

when they

συζητούντων,P45

are reasoning together,

συζητούντων,

are reasoning together,

—

illos

are reasoning together,

ܐܢܘܢ

are reasoning together,

συζητούντων

are reasoning together,

ἰδὼνP45

seeing

ἰδὼν

seeing

ειδων

conquerentes

conquirentes

seeing

ܕܕܪܫܝܢ

seeing

εἰδὼς

seeing

ὅτιP45

that

ὅτι

that

οτι

that

ܘܚܙܐ

that

ὅτι

that

καλῶςP45

well

καλῶς

well

καλως

uidens

videns

well

ܕܫܦܝܪ

well

καλῶς

well

ἀπεκρίθηP45

He answered

ἀπεκρίθη

He answered

—

quoniam

He answered

ܐܬܝܒ

He answered

αὐτοῖς

He answered

αὐτοῖς,P45

them

αὐτοῖς,

them

αυτοις

bene

them

ܠܗܘܢ

them

ἀπεκρίθη

them

ἐπηρώτησενP45

he questioned

ἐπηρώτησεν

he questioned

επηρωτησεν

illis

he questioned

ܦܬܓܡܐ

he questioned

ἐπηρώτησεν

he questioned

αὐτόν·P45

Him;

αὐτόν·

Him;

αυτον

respondit

responderit

Him;

—

αὐτόν

Him;

ποίαP45

Which

ποία

Which

ποια

interrogabat

interrogavit

Which

ܘܫܐܠܗ

Which

Ποία

Which

ἐστὶνP45

ἐστὶν

εστιν

eum

ܐܝܢܘ

ἐστὶν

ἐντολὴP45

commandment

ἐντολὴ

commandment

εντολη

quod

commandment

ܦܘܩܕܢܐ

commandment

πρώτη

commandment

πρώτηP45

the first

πρώτη

the first

πρωτη

dicens

esset

the first

ܩܕܡܝܐ

the first

πάντων

the first

πάντων;P45

of all

πάντων;

of all

—

primum

of all

ܕܟܠܗܘܢ

of all

ἐντολή

of all

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 12:28

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 12:28

Translation Lineage