The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ad | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | ille | Qui | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | στυγνάσας | having been sad | — | | | contristatus | contristatus | having been sad | ܐܬܟܡܪ | having been sad | στυγνάσας | having been sad | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | at | επι | | | in | in | at | ܒܡܠܬܐ | at | ἐπὶ | at | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | hoc | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | λόγῳ | word | λογω | | | uerbo | verbo | word | ܘܐܙܠ | word | λόγῳ | word | ||||||
| — | ἀπῆλθεν | he went away | απηλθεν | | | abiit | abiit | he went away | ܟܕ | he went away | ἀπῆλθεν | he went away | ||||||
| — | λυπούμενος· | grieving; | λυπουμενος | | | tristis | mœrens | grieving; | ܥܝܝܩܐ | grieving; | λυπούμενος | grieving; | ||||||
| — | ἦν | he was one | ην | | | erat | erat | he was one | ܠܗ | he was one | ἦν | he was one | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἔχων | having | εχων | | | habens | habens | having | ܗܘܐ | having | ἔχων | having | ||||||
| — | κτήματα | possessions | — | | | multas | multas | possessions | ܠܗ | possessions | κτήματα | possessions | ||||||
| — | πολλά. | many. | πολλα | | | — | possessiones | many. | ܓܝܪ | many. | πολλά | many. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||