The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | αὐτὸς | He Himself | αυτος | | | ipse | Ipse | He Himself | ܗܘ | He Himself | Αὐτὸς | He Himself | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ἦν | was | ην | | | se | secedebat | was | — | — | ἦν | was | ||||||
| — | ὑποχωρῶν | withdrawing | ϋποχωρων | | | erat | — | — | ܡܫܢܐ | withdrawing | ὑποχωρῶν | withdrawing | ||||||
| — | ἐν | into | εν | | | in | in | into | ܗܘܐ | into | ἐν | into | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | the | ταις | | | subtrahens | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | the | ||||||
| — | ἐρήμοις | wilderness | ερημοις | | | desertis | desertum | wilderness | — | — | ἐρήμοις | wilderness | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܠܕܒܪܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | προσευχόμενος.¶ | praying. | προσευχομενος | | | orant | orabat | praying. | ܘܡܨܠܐ | praying. | προσευχόμενος | praying. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 5:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||