The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP66 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | propter | Propterea | And | ܘܡܛܠ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
διαP66 · P75 | because of | διὰ | because of | δια | | | et | — | — | ܗܕܐ | because of | διὰ | because of | |||||
τοP66 · P75 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | persequebantur | persequebantur | this | ܪܕܦܝܢ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
τουτοP66 · P75 | were persecuting | ἐδίωκον | were persecuting | εδιωκον | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐδίωκον | were persecuting | |||||
εδιωκονP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | ϊουδαιοι | | | iudaei | Judæi | Jews | ܗܘܘ | Jews | Ἰησοῦν | Jews | |||||
ιουδαιοιP66 · P75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | |||||
τονP66 · P75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | ιην | | | ihm | Jesum | Jesus | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | Jesus | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jesus | |||||
ινP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | — | — | ܠܝܫܘܥ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | were seeking | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | — | | | quia | quia | were seeking | ܘܒܥܝܢ | were seeking | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | hoc | — | — | ܗܘܘ | him | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
ταυταP66 · P75 | to kill | ἀποκτεῖναι, | to kill | — | | | — | hæc | to kill | ܠܡܩܛܠܗ | to kill | ἀποκτεῖναι | to kill | |||||
εποιειP66 · P75 | because | ὅτι | because | οτι | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὅτι | because | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | faciebat | faciebat | these things | ܕܗܠܝܢ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | |||||
σαββατωP66 · P75 | He was doing | ἐποίει | He was doing | εποιει | | | — | in | He was doing | ܥܒܕ | He was doing | ἐποίει | He was doing | |||||
ἐνP66 · P75 | on | ἐν | on | — | | | haec | — | — | ܗܘܐ | on | ἐν | on | |||||
σαββάτῳ.¶P66 · P75 | the Sabbath. | σαββάτῳ.¶ | the Sabbath. | σαββατω | | | sabbato | sabbato | the Sabbath. | ܒܫܒܬܐ | the Sabbath. | σαββάτῳ | the Sabbath. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||