The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | — | — | ܠܟܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | praeteribit | quia | certainly | ܕܠܐ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܬܥܒܪ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | παρέλθῃ | may have passed away | παρελθη | | | haec | præteribit | may have passed away | — | — | παρέλθῃ | may have passed away | ||||||
| — | ἡ | <the> | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | <the> | ||||||
| — | γενεὰ | generation | γενεα | | | generatio | generatio | generation | ܫܪܒܬܐ | generation | γενεὰ | generation | ||||||
| — | αὕτη | this | αυτη | | | usquae | hæc | this | ܗܕܐ | this | αὕτη | this | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | dum | — | — | ܥܕܡܐ | until | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | ἂν | when | — | | | haec | donec | when | ܕܗܠܝܢ | when | ἂν | when | ||||||
| — | πάντα | all these things | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all these things | ܟܠܗܝܢ | all these things | πάντα | all these things | ||||||
| — | γένηται. | may happen. | γενηται | | | fiant | fiant | may happen. | ܢܗܘܝܢ | may happen. | γένηται | may happen. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||