The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὁ | The | ο | | | caelum | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | The | ||||||
| — | οὐρανὸς | heaven | ουρανος | | | — | Cælum | heaven | ܫܡܝܐ | heaven | οὐρανὸς | heaven | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| — | γῆ | earth | γη | | | terra | terra | earth | ܘܐܪܥܐ | earth | γῆ | earth | ||||||
| — | παρελεύσονται, | will pass away, | παρελευσονται | | | praeteribunt | transibunt | will pass away, | — | — | παρελεύσονται | will pass away, | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | but | δε | | | — | — | — | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | but | ||||||
| — | λόγοι | the words | λογοι | | | uerba | verba | the words | ܘܡܠܝ | the words | λόγοι | the words | ||||||
| — | μου | of Mine | μου | | | autem | autem | of Mine | — | — | μου | of Mine | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | mea | mea | certainly | ܠܐ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | — | — | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | παρελεύσονται. | will pass away. | παρελευσονται | | | praeteribunt | transibunt | will pass away. | ܢܥܒܪܢ | will pass away. | παρέλθωσιν | will pass away. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||