The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܢܤܒܗ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἔλαβεν | took | — | | | secundus | sequens | took | ܕܬܪܝܢ | took | ἔλαβεν | took | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | δεύτερος | second | δευτερος | | | — | illam | second | ܠܐܢܬܬܗ | second | δεύτερος | second | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | — | | | et | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | ||||||
| — | γυναῖκα | wife | — | | | — | ipse | wife | — | — | γυναῖκα | wife | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | tertius | mortuus | and | ܘܗܢܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὑτὸς | this | — | | | — | est | this | ܡܝܬ | this | οὗτος | this | ||||||
| — | ἀπέθανεν | died | — | | | — | sine | died | ܕܠܐ | died | ἀπέθανεν | died | ||||||
| — | ἄτεκνος | childless | — | | | similiter | filio | childless | ܒܢܝܐ | childless | ἄτεκνος | childless | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||