The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἑπτὰ | Seven | — | | | septem | Septem | Seven | ܫܒܥܐ | Seven | Ἑπτὰ | Seven | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | aput | ergo | therefore | ܕܝܢ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | ἀδελφοὶ | brothers | — | | | fratres | fratres | brothers | ܐܚܝܢ | brothers | ἀδελφοὶ | brothers | ||||||
| — | ἦσαν· | there were; | ησαν | | | erant | erant | there were; | ܐܝܬ | there were; | ἦσαν | there were; | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܗܘܘ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | primus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | πρῶτος | first | πρωτος | | | accipiens | accepit | first | ܢܤܒ | first | πρῶτος | first | ||||||
| — | λαβὼν | having taken | λαβων | | | uxorem | uxorem | having taken | ܐܢܬܬܐ | having taken | λαβὼν | having taken | ||||||
| — | γυναῖκα | a wife | γυναικα | | | — | et | a wife | ܘܡܝܬ | a wife | γυναῖκα | a wife | ||||||
| — | ἀπέθανεν | died | απεθανεν | | | mortuus | mortuus | died | ܕܠܐ | died | ἀπέθανεν | died | ||||||
| — | ἄτεκνος, | childless, | ατεκνος | | | est | est | childless, | ܒܢܝܐ | childless, | ἄτεκνος | childless, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||