The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
πολλαP66 | Many | Πολλὰ | Many | πολλα | | | multa | Multa | Many | ܤܓܝܐܬܐ | Many | Πολλὰ | Many | |||||
μενP66 | indeed | μὲν | indeed | μεν | | | quidem | quidem | indeed | ܕܝܢ | indeed | μὲν | indeed | |||||
ουνP66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | et | et | therefore | — | — | οὖν | therefore | |||||
καιP66 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | alia | alia | also | ܐܬܘܬܐ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
αλλαP66 | other | ἄλλα | other | αλλα | | | signa | signa | other | ܐܠܐ | but | ἄλλα | other | |||||
σημειαP66 | signs | σημεῖα | signs | σημεια | | | fecit | fecit | signs | — | — | σημεῖα | signs | |||||
εποιησενP66 | did | ἐποίησεν | did | εποιησεν | | | ihs | Jesus | did | ܥܒܕ | did | ἐποίησεν | did | |||||
οP66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ισP66 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | in | in | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
ενωπιονP66 | in the presence | ἐνώπιον | in the presence | ενωπιον | | | conspectu | conspectu | in the presence | — | — | ἐνώπιον | in the presence | |||||
τωνP66 | of the | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
μαθητωνP66 | disciples | μαθητῶν | disciples | μαθητων | | | discipulorum | discipulorum | disciples | ܩܕܡ | disciples | μαθητῶν | disciples | |||||
αυτουP66 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | suorum | suorum | of Him | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
αP66 | which | ἃ | which | α | | | quae | quæ | which | ܐܝܠܝܢ | which | ἃ | which | |||||
ουκP66 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | — | — | οὐκ | not | |||||
εστινP66 | are | ἔστιν | are | εστιν | | | sunt | sunt | are | ܕܠܐ | are | ἔστιν | are | |||||
γεγραμμεναP66 | written | γεγραμμένα | written | γεγραμμενα | | | scripta | scripta | written | ܟܬܝܒܢ | written | γεγραμμένα | written | |||||
ενP66 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | ἐν | in | |||||
τωP66 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
βιβλιωP66 | book | βιβλίῳ | book | — | | | libro | libro | book | ܒܟܬܒܐ | book | βιβλίῳ | book | |||||
τουτωP66 | this. | τούτῳ. | this. | τουτω | | | hoc | hoc | this. | ܗܢܐ | this. | τούτῳ | this. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||