The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܦܩܘܗܝ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐκβαλόντες | having cast forth | εκβαλοντες | | | proicientes | ejectum | having cast forth | ܠܒܪ | having cast forth | ἐκβαλόντες | having cast forth | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | — | illum | him | ܡܢ | him | αὐτὸν | him | ||||||
| — | ἔξω | outside | εξω | | | extra | extra | outside | ܟܪܡܐ | outside | ἔξω | outside | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | ἀμπελῶνος | vineyard | αμπελωνος | | | uineam | vineam | vineyard | ܘܩܛܠܘܗܝ | vineyard | ἀμπελῶνος | vineyard | ||||||
| — | ἀπέκτειναν. | they killed him. | απεκτειναν | | | occiderunt | occiderunt | they killed him. | — | — | ἀπέκτειναν | they killed him. | ||||||
| — | τί | What | τι | | | quid | Quid | What | ܡܢܐ | What | Τί | What | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܗܟܝܠ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | ποιήσει | will do | ποιησει | | | faciet | faciet | will do | ܢܥܒܕ | will do | ποιήσει | will do | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | — | | | eum | illis | to them | ܠܗܘܢ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος | master | — | | | — | dominus | master | ܡܪܐ | master | κύριος | master | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | dms | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | ||||||
| — | ἀμπελῶνος; | vineyard? | αμπελωνος | | | uineae | vineæ | vineyard? | ܟܪܡܐ | vineyard? | ἀμπελῶνος | vineyard? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||