The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | dixit | Ait | Said | ܐܡܪ | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | ihs | Jesus | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | to | — | | | autem | ad | to | ܝܫܘܥ | to | πρὸς | to | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | — | eum | him | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | abraham | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | in | Quia | Jesus | ܝܘܡܢܐ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | hodie | hodie | that | ܗܘܘ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | σήμερον | Today | σημερον | | | salus | salus | Today | ܚܝܐ | Today | Σήμερον | Today | ||||||
| — | σωτηρία | salvation | σωτηρια | | | domo | domui | salvation | ܠܒܝܬܐ | salvation | σωτηρία | salvation | ||||||
| — | τῷ | to the | τω | | | hac | — | — | — | — | τῷ | to the | ||||||
| — | οἴκῳ | house | οικω | | | quoniam | huic | house | — | — | οἴκῳ | house | ||||||
| — | τούτῳ | this | τουτω | | | facta | facta | this | ܗܢܐ | this | τούτῳ | this | ||||||
| — | ἐγένετο, | has come, | εγενετο | | | est | est | has come, | ܡܛܠ | has come, | ἐγένετο | has come, | ||||||
| — | καθότι | because | καθοτι | | | — | eo | because | ܕܐܦ | because | καθότι | because | ||||||
| — | καὶ | also | και | | | quoniam | quod | also | ܗܢܐ | also | καὶ | also | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸς | he himself | αυτος | | | et | et | he himself | — | — | αὐτὸς | he himself | ||||||
| — | υἱὸς | a son | ϋιος | | | hic | ipse | a son | ܒܪܗ | a son | υἱὸς | a son | ||||||
| — | Ἀβραάμ | of Abraham | αβρααμ | | | filius | filius | of Abraham | ܗܘ | of Abraham | Ἀβραάμ | of Abraham | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν· | is; | εστιν | | | est | sit | is; | ܕܐܒܪܗܡ | is; | ἐστιν | is; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||