The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
πασP66 · P75 | Everyone | πᾶς | Everyone | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Omnis | Everyone | ܟܠ | Everyone | Πᾶς | Everyone | ||||||
γαρP66 · P75 | for | γὰρ | for | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
οP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
φαυλαP66 · P75 | evil | φαῦλα | evil | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | qui | evil | — | — | φαῦλα | evil | ||||||
πρασσωνP66 · P75 | practicing | πράσσων | practicing | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | male | practicing | ܕܤܢܝܬܐ | practicing | πράσσων | practicing | ||||||
μεισιP66 · P75 | hates | μισεῖ | hates | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | agit | hates | ܥܒܕ | hates | μισεῖ | hates | ||||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
φωσP66 · P75 | Light | φῶς | Light | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | odit | Light | ܤܢܐ | Light | φῶς | Light | ||||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | lucem | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
ουκP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | et | not | ܠܢܘܗܪܐ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
ερχεταιP66 · P75 | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | non | comes | ܘܠܐ | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | ||||||
προσP66 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | venit | to | — | — | πρὸς | to | ||||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
φωσP66 · P75 | Light | φῶς | Light | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | ad | Light | ܐܬܐ | Light | φῶς | Light | ||||||
ιναP66 · P75 | so that | ἵνα | so that | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | lucem | so that | ܠܢܘܗܪܐ | so that | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
μηP66 · P75 | not | μὴ | not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | ut | not | ܕܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
ελεγχθηP66 · P75 | may be exposed | ἐλεγχθῇ | may be exposed | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | non | may be exposed | — | — | ἐλεγχθῇ | may be exposed | ||||||
ταP66 · P75 | the | τὰ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
εργαP66 · P75 | works | ἔργα | works | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | arguantur | works | ܢܬܟܤܤܘܢ | works | ἔργα | works | ||||||
αυτουP66 · P75 | of him; | αὐτοῦ· | of him; | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | opera | of him; | ܥܒܕܘܗܝ | of him; | αὐτοῦ | of him; | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||