The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αυτηP66 · P75 | This | αὕτη | This | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Hoc | This | ܗܢܘ | This | Αὕτη | This | ||||||
δεP66 · P75 | now | δέ | now | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | est | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δέ | now | ||||||
εστινP66 · P75 | is | ἐστιν | is | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | autem | is | — | — | ἐστιν | is | ||||||
ηP66 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
κρισισP66 · P75 | judgement | κρίσις | judgement | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | judicium | judgement | ܕܝܢܐ | judgement | κρίσις | judgement | ||||||
οτιP66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | quia | that | ܕܢܘܗܪܐ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
φωσP66 · P75 | Light | φῶς | Light | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | lux | Light | ܐܬܐ | Light | φῶς | Light | ||||||
εληλυθενP66 · P75 | has come | ἐλήλυθεν | has come | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | venit | has come | ܠܥܠܡܐ | has come | ἐλήλυθεν | has come | ||||||
εισP66 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | in | into | — | — | εἰς | into | ||||||
τονP66 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
κοσμονP66 · P75 | world, | κόσμον, | world, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | mundum | world, | ܘܐܚܒܘ | world, | κόσμον | world, | ||||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | et | and | ܒܢܝܢܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
ηγαπησανP66 · P75 | loved | ἠγάπησαν | loved | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | dilexerunt | loved | ܠܚܫܘܟܐ | loved | ἠγάπησαν | loved | ||||||
μαλλονP66 · P75 | <the> | οἱ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
οιP66 · P75 | men | ἄνθρωποι | men | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | homines | men | ܝܬܝܪ | men | ἄνθρωποι | men | ||||||
ανθρωποιP66 · P75 | rather | μᾶλλον | rather | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | magis | rather | — | — | μᾶλλον | rather | ||||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
σκοτοσP66 · P75 | darkness | σκότος | darkness | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | tenebras | darkness | ܡܢ | darkness | σκότος | darkness | ||||||
ηP66 · P75 | than | ἢ | than | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ἢ | than | ||||||
τοP66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
φωσP66 · P75 | Light; | φῶς· | Light; | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | lucem | Light; | ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ | Light; | φῶς | Light; | ||||||
ηνP66 · P75 | were | ἦν | were | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | erant | were | ܗܘܘ | were | ἦν | were | ||||||
γαρP66 · P75 | for | γὰρ | for | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
αυτωνP66 · P75 | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | eorum | of them | ܓܝܪ | of them | πονηρὰ | of them | ||||||
πονηραP66 · P75 | evil | πονηρὰ | evil | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | mala | evil | ܥܒܕܝܗܘܢ | evil | αὐτῶν | evil | ||||||
ταP66 · P75 | the | τὰ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
εργαP66 · P75 | deeds. | ἔργα. | deeds. | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | opera | deeds. | ܒܝܫܐ | deeds. | ἔργα | deeds. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||