The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | 20 and | και | | | et | Et | 20 and | ܘܐܬܟܢܫܘ | 20 and | καὶ | 20 and | ||||||
| — | συνέρχεται | comes together | συνερχεται | | | ueniunt | veniunt | comes together | ܟܢܫܐ | comes together | συνέρχεται | comes together | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | again | παλιν | | | in | ad | again | — | — | πάλιν | again | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | domum | — | — | — | — | ὄχλος | <the> | ||||||
| — | ὄχλος | a crowd | οχλος | | | et | et | a crowd | ܬܘܒ | a crowd | ὥστε | a crowd | ||||||
| — | ὥστε | so that | ωστε | | | conuenit | convenit | so that | ܐܝܟܢܐ | so that | μὴ | so that | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | iterum | iterum | not | ܕܠܐ | not | δύνασθαι | not | ||||||
| — | δύνασθαι | to be able | δυνασθαι | | | turba | turba | to be able | ܢܫܟܚܘܢ | to be able | αὐτοὺς | to be able | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | they | — | | | — | ita | they | — | — | μήτε | they | ||||||
| — | μηδὲ | even | — | | | uti | ut | even | ܗܘܘ | even | ἄρτον | even | ||||||
| — | ἄρτον | bread | — | | | non | non | bread | ܠܚܡܐ | bread | φαγεῖν | bread | ||||||
| — | φαγεῖν. | to eat. | φαγειν | | | possent | possent | to eat. | ܠܡܐܟܠ | to eat. | φαγεῖν. | to eat. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||