The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αμηνP64+P67 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | |||||
λεγωP64+P67 | I say | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | |||||
σοιP64+P67 | to you; | σοι· | to you; | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | to you; | ܐܢܐ | to you; | σοι | to you; | |||||
ουP64+P67 | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | nobissimum | — | — | ܠܟ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | |||||
μηP64+P67 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܕܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
εξελθησP64+P67 | you may come out | ἐξέλθῃς | you may come out | εξελθης | | | exiens | exies | you may come out | ܬܦܘܩ | you may come out | ἐξέλθῃς | you may come out | |||||
εκειθενP64+P67 | from there | ἐκεῖθεν | from there | εκειθεν | | | inde | inde | from there | ܡܢ | from there | ἐκεῖθεν | from there | |||||
εωσP64+P67 | until | ἕως | until | εως | | | donec | donec | until | ܬܡܢ | until | ἕως | until | |||||
ανP64+P67 | when | ἂν | when | αν | | | — | — | — | ܥܕܡܐ | when | ἂν | when | |||||
αποδωσP64+P67 | you may pay | ἀποδῷς | you may pay | αποδως | | | reddas | reddas | you may pay | ܕܬܬܠ | you may pay | ἀποδῷς | you may pay | |||||
τονP64+P67 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
εσχατονP64+P67 | last | ἔσχατον | last | εσχατον | | | — | novissimum | last | ܫܡܘܢܐ | last | ἔσχατον | last | |||||
κοδραντηνP64+P67 | kodranten! | κοδράντην.¶ | kodranten! | κοδραντην | | | quadrantre | quadrantem | kodranten! | ܐܚܪܝܐ | kodranten! | κοδράντην | kodranten! | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||