The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὃς | Whoever | ος | | | quicumque | Qui | Whoever | ܟܠ | Whoever | Ὃς | Whoever | ||||||
| — | ἐὰν | if | — | | | enim | ergo | if | ܡܢ | if | ἐὰν | if | ||||||
| — | οὖν | then | ουν | | | soluerit | solverit | then | ܗܟܝܠ | then | οὖν | then | ||||||
| — | λύσῃ | shall break | — | | | unum | unum | shall break | — | — | λύσῃ | shall break | ||||||
| — | μίαν | one | μιαν | | | de | de | one | ܕܢܫܪܐ | one | μίαν | one | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | ἐντολῶν | commandments | εντολων | | | mandatis | mandatis | commandments | ܚܕ | commandments | ἐντολῶν | commandments | ||||||
| — | τούτων | of these | τουτων | | | istis | istis | of these | ܡܢ | of these | τούτων | of these | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | ἐλαχίστων | least | ελαχιστων | | | minimis | minimis | least | ܦܘܩܕܢܐ | least | ἐλαχίστων | least | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܗܠܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | διδάξῃ | shall teach | διδαξη | | | docuerit | docuerit | shall teach | ܙܥܘܪܐ | shall teach | διδάξῃ | shall teach | ||||||
| — | οὕτως | so | — | | | — | sic | so | — | — | οὕτως | so | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπους, | others, | ανθρωπους | | | homines | homines | others, | ܘܢܠܦ | others, | ἀνθρώπους | others, | ||||||
| — | ἐλάχιστος | least | ελαχιστος | | | minimus | minimus | least | ܗܟܢܐ | least | ἐλάχιστος | least | ||||||
| — | κληθήσεται | he will be called | κληθησεται | | | uocabitur | vocabitur | he will be called | ܠܒܢܝܢܫܐ | he will be called | κληθήσεται | he will be called | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | — | — | — | ܒܨܝܪܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | in | in | kingdom | ܢܬܩܪܐ | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | οὐρανῶν. | heavens. | ουρανων | | | regno | regno | heavens. | ܒܡܠܟܘܬܐ | heavens. | οὐρανῶν | heavens. | ||||||
| — | ὃς | whoever | — | | | — | cælorum | whoever | — | — | ὃς | whoever | ||||||
| — | δ᾽ | now | — | | | — | qui | now | ܕܫܡܝܐ | now | δ’ | now | ||||||
| — | ἂν | maybe | — | | | — | autem | maybe | ܟܠ | maybe | ἂν | maybe | ||||||
| — | ποιήσῃ | may keep | — | | | — | fecerit | may keep | ܕܝܢ | may keep | ποιήσῃ | may keep | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | et | and | ܕܢܥܒܕ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | διδάξῃ, | may teach them, | — | | | — | docuerit | may teach them, | ܘܢܠܦ | may teach them, | διδάξῃ | may teach them, | ||||||
| — | οὗτος | this one | — | | | — | hic | this one | ܗܢܐ | this one | οὗτος | this one | ||||||
| — | μέγας | great | — | | | — | magnus | great | — | — | μέγας | great | ||||||
| — | κληθήσεται | will be called | — | | | — | vocabitur | will be called | ܪܒܐ | will be called | κληθήσεται | will be called | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | — | | | — | in | in | ܢܬܩܪܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | — | | | — | regno | kingdom | ܒܡܠܟܘܬܐ | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | οὐρανῶν. | heavens. | — | | | caelorum | cælorum | heavens. | ܕܫܡܝܐ | heavens. | οὐρανῶν | heavens. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||