The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | εὑρόντες | having found | ευροντες | | | inuenientes | invenientes | having found | ܐܫܟܚܘ | having found | εὑρόντες | having found | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | — | | | qua | qua | through | — | — | ποίας | through | ||||||
| — | ποίας | what way | ποιας | | | paralytico | parte | what way | ܕܐܝܟܢܐ | what way | εἰσενέγκωσιν | what way | ||||||
| — | εἰσενέγκωσιν | they may bring in | εισενεγκωσιν | | | de tegentes | illum | they may bring in | ܢܥܠܘܢܝܗܝ | they may bring in | αὐτὸν | they may bring in | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | in | inferrent | him | ܡܛܠ | him | διὰ | him | ||||||
| — | διὰ | on account of | δια | | | propter | præ | on account of | ܤܘܓܐܐ | on account of | τὸν | on account of | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | inbrices | — | — | — | — | ὄχλον | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλον, | crowd, | οχλον | | | turbam | turba | crowd, | ܕܥܡܐ | crowd, | ἀναβάντες | crowd, | ||||||
| — | ἀναβάντες | having gone up | — | | | ascenderunt | ascenderunt | having gone up | ܤܠܩܘ | having gone up | ἐπὶ | having gone up | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | on | επι | | | super | supra | on | — | — | τὸ | on | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | δῶμα | the | ||||||
| — | δῶμα | housetop | δωμα | | | tectum | tectum | housetop | ܠܗܘܢ | housetop | διὰ | housetop | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | — | | | et | et | through | ܠܐܓܪܐ | through | τῶν | through | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | — | | | ubi | — | — | — | — | κεράμων | the | ||||||
| — | κεράμων | tiles | — | | | erat | per | tiles | ܘܫܒܘܗܝ | tiles | καθῆκαν | tiles | ||||||
| — | καθῆκαν | they let down | καθηκαν | | | — | tegulas | they let down | ܥܡ | they let down | αὐτὸν | they let down | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | deposuerunt | summiserunt | him | ܥܪܤܗ | him | σὺν | him | ||||||
| — | σὺν | with | συν | | | eum | eum | with | ܡܢ | with | τῷ | with | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | grabattum | — | — | — | — | κλινιδίῳ | the | ||||||
| — | κλινιδίῳ | mat | — | | | cum | cum | mat | — | — | εἰς | mat | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | lecto | into | ܬܛܠܝܠܐ | into | τὸ | into | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | μέσον | the | ||||||
| — | μέσον | midst | μεσον | | | inducerent | in | midst | ܠܡܨܥܬܐ | midst | ἔμπροσθεν | midst | ||||||
| — | ἔμπροσθεν | before | — | | | medio | medium | before | ܩܕܡܘܗܝ | before | τοῦ | before | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | conspectu | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦ. | Jesus. | ιηυ | | | ihu | ante | Jesus. | ܕܝܫܘܥ | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦ. | Jesus. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 5:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||