The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | μάτην | in vain | ματην | | | sine | Sine | in vain | ܘܤܪܝܩܐܝܬ | in vain | Μάτην | in vain | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | causa | causa | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | σέβονταί | they worship | σεβονται | | | autem | autem | they worship | ܠܝ | they worship | σέβονταί | they worship | ||||||
| — | με | Me | με | | | colunt | colunt | Me | ܟܕ | Me | με | Me | ||||||
| — | διδάσκοντες | teaching as | διδασκοντες | | | me | me | teaching as | ܡܠܦܝܢ | teaching as | διδάσκοντες | teaching as | ||||||
| — | διδασκαλίας, | doctrines | διδασκαλειας | | | docentes | docentes | doctrines | ܝܘܠܦܢܐ | doctrines | διδασκαλίας | doctrines | ||||||
| — | ἐντάλματα | the precepts | ενταλματα | | | doctrinas | doctrinas | the precepts | ܕܦܘܩܕܢܐ | the precepts | ἐντάλματα | the precepts | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπων.¶ | of men.’ | ανθρωπων | | | mandata | et | of men.’ | ܕܒܢܝܢܫܐ | of men.’ | ἀνθρώπων | of men.’ | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||