The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | iudaeorum | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | But | δε | | | pilatus | Pilatus | But | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | But | ||||||
| — | Πιλᾶτος | Pilate | πειλατος | | | autem | autem | Pilate | ܕܝܢ | Pilate | Πιλάτος | Pilate | ||||||
| — | ἀπεκρίθη | answered | — | | | respondens | respondit | answered | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | answered | ἀπεκρίθη | answered | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | ait | eis | to them | ܥܢܐ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | — | | | — | et | saying; | ܘܐܡܪ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | θέλετε | Wish you that | θελετε | | | — | dixit | Wish you that | ܨܒܝܢ | Wish you that | Θέλετε | Wish you that | ||||||
| — | ἀπολύσω | I may release | απολυσω | | | uultis | Vultis | I may release | ܐܢܬܘܢ | I may release | ἀπολύσω | I may release | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | — | | | dimittam | dimittam | to you | ܐܫܪܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλέα | King | βασιλεα | | | — | vobis | King | ܠܟܘܢ | King | βασιλέα | King | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | illis | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | Ἰουδαίων; | Jews? | ϊουδαιων | | | regem | regem | Jews? | ܡܠܟܐ | Jews? | Ἰουδαίων | Jews? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||