The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܩܥܘ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἀναβὰς | having come up | αναβας | | | tota | cum | having come up | ܥܡܐ | having come up | ἀναβοήσας | having come up | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | ascendit | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλος | crowd | οχλος | | | turba | turba | crowd | ܘܫܪܝܘ | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | ||||||
| — | ἤρξατο | began | ηρξατο | | | et | cœpit | began | ܠܡܫܐܠ | began | ἤρξατο | began | ||||||
| — | αἰτεῖσθαι | to beg him to do | αιτεισθαι | | | rogare | rogare | to beg him to do | ܐܝܟ | to beg him to do | αἰτεῖσθαι | to beg him to do | ||||||
| — | καθὼς | even as | καθως | | | sicut | sicut | even as | ܕܡܥܕ | even as | καθὼς | even as | ||||||
| — | ἀεὶ | always | αει | | | semper | semper | always | ܗܘܐ | always | ἀεὶ | always | ||||||
| — | ἐποίει | he was doing | εποιει | | | faciebat | faciebat | he was doing | ܥܒܕ | he was doing | ἐποίει | he was doing | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς.¶ | for them. | αυτοις | | | — | illis | for them. | ܠܗܘܢ | for them. | αὐτοῖς | for them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||