The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἐκ | Out of | εκ | | | de | de | Out of | ܡܢ | Out of | Ἐκ | Out of | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | corde | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | enim | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | καρδίας | heart | καρδιας | | | exeunt | corde | the heart | ܓܝܪ | heart | καρδίας | heart | ||||||
| — | ἐξέρχονται | come forth | εξερχονται | | | cogitationes | exeunt | come out | ܢܦܩܢ | come forth | ἐξέρχονται | come forth | ||||||
| — | διαλογισμοὶ | thoughts | διαλογισμοι | | | malae | cogitationes | thoughts | ܡܚܫܒܬܐ | thoughts | διαλογισμοὶ | thoughts | ||||||
| — | πονηροί, | evil, | πονηροι | | | homicidia | malæ | evil | ܒܝܫܬܐ | evil, | πονηροί | evil, | ||||||
| — | φόνοι, | murders, | φονοι | | | adulteria | homicidia | murders | ܓܘܪܐ | murders, | φόνοι | murders, | ||||||
| — | μοιχεῖαι, | adulteries, | μοιχιαι | | | fornicationes | adulteria | adulteries | ܩܛܠܐ | adulteries, | μοιχεῖαι | adulteries, | ||||||
| — | πορνεῖαι, | sexual immorality, | πορνειαι | | | furta | fornicationes | fornications | ܙܢܝܘܬܐ | sexual immorality, | πορνεῖαι | sexual immorality, | ||||||
| — | κλοπαί, | thefts, | κλοπαι | | | falsa | furta | thefts | ܓܢܒܘܬܐ | thefts, | κλοπαί | thefts, | ||||||
| — | ψευδομαρτυρίαι, | false testimonies, | ψευδομαρτυριαι | | | testimonia | falsa testimonia | false testimonies | ܤܗܕܘܬ | false testimonies, | ψευδομαρτυρίαι | false testimonies, | ||||||
| — | βλασφημίαι. | slanders. | βλασφημεια | | | blasfemiae | blasphemiæ | blasphemies | ܫܘܩܪܐ | slanders. | βλασφημίαι | slanders. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||