The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἄλλα | Other | αλλα | | | alia | Alia | Other | ܐܠܐ | but | Ἄλλα | Other | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ἔπεσεν | fell | επεσεν | | | ceciderunt | ceciderunt | fell | ܢܦܠ | fell | ἔπεσεν | fell | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | upon | — | | | in | in | upon | ܒܝܬ | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | ascenderunt | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | ἀκάνθας, | thorns, | ακανθας | | | spinis | spinas | thorns, | — | — | ἀκάνθας | thorns, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܟܘܒܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀνέβησαν | grew up | ανεβησαν | | | — | creverunt | grew up | — | — | ἀνέβησαν | grew up | ||||||
| — | αἱ | the | αι | | | — | — | — | — | — | αἱ | the | ||||||
| — | ἄκανθαι | thorns | ακανθαι | | | spinae | spinæ | thorns | ܘܤܠܩܘ | thorns | ἄκανθαι | thorns | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܟܘܒܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἔπνιξαν | choked | επνιξαν | | | suffocauerunt | suffocaverunt | choked | — | — | ἀπέπνιξαν | choked | ||||||
| — | αὐτά. | them. | αυτα | | | ea | ea | them. | ܘܚܢܩܘܗܝ | them. | αὐτά | them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 13:55 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||